高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)公開課-時態(tài)與語態(tài)課件(共28張ppt)

1、動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài),時態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要考點1、考查在語境中判斷動詞時態(tài)的運用能力。常考的時態(tài)為：一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在完成進行時、一般將來時、一般過去時、過去進行時、、過去完成時、 過去將來時等。2、時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài)；主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題。3、延續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動詞（vt.)的被動語態(tài)。5、某些以主動形式表被動意義的動詞的用法。,,◆ 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是歷年高考英語

2、測試的重中之重，每年試題一般不低于兩道。 命題思路有三種：一是直接給出標志性時間狀語，考生能根據(jù)其作出選擇；二是給出時間狀語，但所給時間狀語有較強的干擾性，考生不能直接根據(jù)時間狀語作出選擇，而需要結(jié)合語境進行判斷；三是沒有任何時間狀語，需要借助于上下文語境，才能作出正確判斷。 ◆在歷年有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的考題中，共涉及了七種基本時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，其中以現(xiàn)在完成時、一般將來時考得最多。被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+過去分詞

3、”構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be動詞表現(xiàn)出來。,,,◆ 動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是歷年高考英語測試的重中之重，每年試題一般不低于兩道。 命題思路有三種：一是直接給出標志性時間狀語，考生能根據(jù)其作出選擇；二是給出時間狀語，但所給時間狀語有較強的干擾性，考生不能直接根據(jù)時間狀語作出選擇，而需要結(jié)合語境進行判斷；三是沒有任何時間狀語，需要借助于上下文語境，才能作出正確判斷。 ◆在歷年有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的考題中，共涉及了七種基本時態(tài)的被動語

4、態(tài)，其中以現(xiàn)在完成時、一般將來時考得最多。被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be動詞表現(xiàn)出來。,,◆ 高考命題中往往不會涉及單一的時態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時態(tài)的交叉使用和時態(tài)干擾?！?考生答題時要認真研讀題干，尋找盡可能多的“時間參照信息”，尤其是句中其他動詞的時態(tài)，以及修飾動詞的狀語信息等等。關(guān)于被動語態(tài)題，做題時應(yīng)首先根據(jù)主語與謂語的關(guān)系確定是否是被動關(guān)系，然后再根據(jù)有關(guān)時間信息確定用哪種時態(tài)?！?還要

5、注意的是不及物動詞是不能用于被動語態(tài)當中。,,,◆ 高考命題中往往不會涉及單一的時態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時態(tài)的交叉使用和時態(tài)干擾?！?考生答題時要認真研讀題干，尋找盡可能多的“時間參照信息”，尤其是句中其他動詞的時態(tài)，以及修飾動詞的狀語信息等等。關(guān)于被動語態(tài)題，做題時應(yīng)首先根據(jù)主語與謂語的關(guān)系確定是否是被動關(guān)系，然后再根據(jù)有關(guān)時間信息確定用哪種時態(tài)?！?還要注意的是不及物動詞是不能用于被動語態(tài)當中。,動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)一覽表(

6、以do為例）,am/is/are done,,am/is/are being done,,have/has been done,was/were done,was/were being done,had been done,will be done,,should/would be done,一、對一般現(xiàn)在時的考查1.考查其基本概念：一般現(xiàn)在時表示一個習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞always, every time, n

7、ow and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 等連用。1) The father as well as children _____ every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going       B. go  

8、0;     C. goes           D. are going,2.考查一般現(xiàn)在時的替代用法：在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，在以if, unless, on

9、ce等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和以no matter, however, even if 等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動詞用一般將來時，從句中的動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時代替一般將來時。—What would you do if it __ tomorrow? —We have to carry it on ,since we’ve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C.

10、will rain D. is raining,二、對一般過去時的考查一般過去時表示在過去某時某刻發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，它常與表過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。但是一般過去時也經(jīng)常用在沒有說明過去的時間狀語的句子中，這是高考的命題方向。

11、 I bought a new car three days ago.More than a dozen students in that school ____ abroad to study medicine last year.A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent

12、,三、對現(xiàn)在進行時的考查表示說話時正在發(fā)生著的一個動作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時的動作；表示近期特定的安排或計劃；go,come等起止動作可用進行時代替將來時。由上下文語境表示時間。1)— What’s the terrible noise？— The neighbors ____ for a partyA. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare

13、 D. will prepare,,四、對過去進行時的考查I was walking down the street when it began to rain.,,,,When it began to rain,I was walking,,now,1.把過去進行時放在when, while, as 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中考查。如果主句謂語和從句謂語都發(fā)生在過去，動作時間長的用過去進行時，表達談話背景

14、；動作時間短的用一般過去時，表達新的信息?！猋ou were out when I dropped in at your house.—Oh, I ____ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited,2.把過去進行時放在某特定的語境中考查

15、?！狧as Sam finished his homework today? —I have no idea. He ____ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done3.考查過去進行時與一般過去時的比較。Shirley ____a book about China last year

16、but I don’t know whether she has finished it.A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing,五、對現(xiàn)在完成時的考查1.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或表示經(jīng)驗。2.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去，常與for或since 等短語連用。,I_________(grad

17、uate) in 1993 and in that year I _______(begin) to teach English in a middle school. I ______(teach) there for five years . Five years later ,I _______(move) to Pingdu. I______________ (teach) senior English in Dongyu H

18、igh School for nearly 9 years ever since then.,graduated,began,taught,moved,have taught/have been teaching,3)—The window is dirty. — I know. It ____ for weeks.hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned

19、 D. hasn’t been cleaned注：由終止性動詞leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等構(gòu)成的完成時不能與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。但這些終止性動詞的否定式可以與for或since短語連用。Eg. I haven’t met him

20、for two years.,The CCTV has been broadcasting English programs ever since 1977.,,六、對現(xiàn)在完成進行時的考查構(gòu)成: have / has been+ doing概念: 表示從過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還可能繼續(xù)下去。,現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別如下：1.現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時 I have written an art

21、icle. 　　　　 I have been writing an article. 　2.有些延續(xù)性動詞，如live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等因現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時差別不大。I have lived here for ten years. = I have been living here for ten years.Notes：表短暫動作的動詞（finish, marry

22、, get up, come, go等）一般不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。,強調(diào)：　已完成性,強調(diào)：持續(xù)性，未完成性,1)Now that she is out of a job, Lucy____going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is g

23、oing to consider2) --- Hi, Tracy, you look tired. “--- I am tired. I ____ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted,七、對過去完成時態(tài)的考查過去完成時，經(jīng)

24、常以“過去”為背景，要想表達比這一背景更早的動作，即“過去的過去”，常用此時態(tài)。Eg. When we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets. What a pity!,,,— George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?—No, I ___. Did they have a

25、big wedding? A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite,常見考點有：①把過去完成時放在含有when, before, after, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中考查。When the old man ___ to walk back to

26、 his house, the sun ___ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid,②把過去完成時放在by + 過去時間點或by the time + 從句（一般過去時）的句

27、子里考查。By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ___ in Beijing.A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completed,,八. 對一般將來時態(tài)的考察表示將來發(fā)生的動作或?qū)泶嬖诘臓顟B(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如t

28、omorrow,next week,in a few days,next Saturday等。 will /shall do 將要發(fā)生的事情2. be going to do 已決定或安排要做的事,3. be +to do，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to have an exam this week.,4. be about to do, 表示馬上做某事, 不能與明確表示將來的時間狀語連用.He is

29、 about to leave for Beijing.,ExercisesI usually ____ up at 6:00, but yesterday I ______ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _________ up at 6:30. (get)Listen! Someone ____________ (knock) at the door.I ___________ (be) in Beiji

30、ng for two years.How often _____ Andy _______ (surf) the internet?He fell asleep while he ___________ (read) a book.,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6. I ________ never _______ (hear) of t

31、hat man before.7. My brother often _________ (go) for walks last summer.8. Lily said she _______ (put) on the new dress the next day.9. ______ the story ________ (happen) in London in 1949?10. What ______ his mother

32、______ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,11. If it ______________ (not rain) tomorrow, they ___________ (go) fishing. 12. ______ your mother ________ (play) the piano every Sun

33、day?13. They _______ (not) call you the day after tomorrow.14. Tom _____________ (work) there since two years ago.15. By the time I _________ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher ___________ (start) teaching.,doesn’