2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、《矛盾論》英文版《矛盾論》英文版MaoMaoZedongZedongOnOnContradictionContradictionThisThisessayessayononphilosophyphilosophywaswaswrittenwrittenbybyMaoMaoZedongZedongafterafterhishisessayessay“On“OnPractice“Practice“withwiththethesamesame

2、objectobjectofofovercomingovercomingthetheseriousseriouserrerrofofdogmatistdogmatistthinkingthinkingtotobebefoundfoundininthethePartyPartyatatthethetime.time.iginallyiginallydelivereddeliveredasaslectureslecturesatatthet

3、heAntiAntiJapaneseJapaneseMilitaryMilitaryPoliticalPoliticalCollegeCollegeininYenanYenanititwaswasrevisedrevisedbybythetheauthauthononitsitsinclusioninclusionininhishisededWks.Wks.DocumentDocumentActionsActions??AugustAu

4、gust19371937Thelawofcontradictioninthingsthatisthelawoftheunityofoppositesisthebasiclawofmaterialistdialectics.Leninsaid“DialecticsDialecticsininthetheproperpropersensesenseisisthethestudystudyofofcontradictioncontradict

5、ionininthetheveryveryessenceessenceofofobjects.objects.“[1]LeninoftencalledthislawtheessenceoftoalevelunprecedentedinhistyastheindustrialproletariatbecamethegreatestmotivefceinhisticaldevelopmenttherearosetheMarxistwldou

6、tlookofmaterialistdialectics.Theninadditiontoopenbarefacedreactionaryidealismvulgarevolutionismemergedamongthebourgeoisietoopposematerialistdialectics.Themetaphysicalvulgarevolutionistwldoutlookseesthingsasisolatedstatic

7、onesided.Itregardsallthingsintheuniversetheirfmstheirspeciesaseternallyisolatedfromoneanotherimmutable.Suchchangeasthereiscanonlybeanincreasedecreaseinquantityachangeofplace.Meoverthecauseofsuchanincreasedecreasechangeof

8、placeisnotinsidethingsbutoutsidethemthatisthemotivefceisexternal.Metaphysiciansholdthatallthedifferentkindsofthingsintheuniversealltheiracteristicshavebeenthesameeversincetheyfirstcameintobeing.Allsubsequentchangeshavesi

9、mplybeenincreasesdecreasesinquantity.Theycontendthatathingcanonlykeeponrepeatingitselfasthesamekindofthingcannotchangeintoanythingdifferent.Intheiropinioncapitalistexploitationcapitalistcompetitiontheindividualistideolog

10、yofcapitalistsocietysooncanallbefoundinancientslavesocietyeveninprimitivesocietywillexistfeverunchanged.Theyribethecausesofsocialdevelopmenttofactsexternaltosocietysuchasgeographyclimate.Theysearchinanoversimplifiedwayou

11、tsideathingfthecausesofitsdevelopmenttheydenythetheyofmaterialistdialecticswhichholdsthatdevelopmentarisesfromthecontradictionsinsideathing.Consequentlytheycanexplainneitherthequalitativediversityofthingsnthephenomenonof

12、onequalitychangingintoanother.InEuropethismodeofthinkingexistedasmechanicalmaterialisminthe17th18thcenturiesasvulgarevolutionismattheendofthe19ththebeginningofthe20thcenturies.InChinatherewasthemetaphysicalthinkingexempl

13、ifiedinthesaying“HeavenchangethnotlikewisetheTaochangethnot“[4]itwassupptedbythedecadentfeudalrulingclassesfalongtime.MechanicalmaterialismvulgarevolutionismwhichwereimptedfromEuropeinthelasthundredgearsaresupptedbythebo

14、urgeoisie.Asopposedtothemetaphysicalwldoutlookthewldoutlookofmaterialistdialecticsholdsthatindertounderstthedevelopmentofathingweshouldstudyitinternallyinitsrelationswithotherthingsinotherwdsthedevelopmentofthingsshouldb

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