[雙語翻譯]行政管理學專業(yè)外文翻譯—土耳其公共管理的質(zhì)量管理挑戰(zhàn)與效益（原文）

1、European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14, No.5 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 11 Quality Management in Turkish Public Management: Challenges and Benefits Hasan Alpay Karasoy (Associate Pro

2、fessor) Selçuk University, Turkey Doi: 10.19044/esj.2018.v14n5p11 URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n5p11 Abstract From the late 1970’s onwards, traditional public administration was criticized because i

3、t does not meet the needs of developing and changing new world. Following this critique, a new approach to public administration was proposed under the name of New Public Management. The development of new public mana

4、gement changed the concept of the public service. Accountable, transparent, effective, and efficient services have become the basic principles of management. On the other hand, the term “quality” has also gained popul

5、arity in public administration. In this sense, Total Quality Management (TQM) was adopted to develop quality systems in public administration worldwide. Turkey has also adopted that system. In this study, the situatio

6、n assessment of TQM process in Turkey was made through the presentation of strengths and weaknesses. The literature search is conducted to achieve this aim and it is obtained from the research that since quality manag

7、ement cannot be fully realized, there are some deficiencies in practice and in regulatory. In this context the regulatory process needs to be revised specially in terms of evaluating and auditing. Keywords: Quality, To

8、tal Quality Management, Turkey Introduction Efficient public service is a crucial problem which come into prominence in the public management transformation process. From the great depression in the 1930’s, it was began

9、 to propound a critique of the traditional public management which articulated a number of emergent dissatisfactions with it in terms of effective public services. In this context several public management approaches

10、have developed. New public management is one of the crucial approach for public management and it put emphasis on efficient public management. The new public management is applied different concepts and practices such

11、as performance based which is measuring the outputs, European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14, No.5 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 13 audience and through the use of a continuous improvemen

12、t in the Total Quality Management Philosophy. Aims of the Total Quality Management With a simple definition, the aim of total quality management is to ensure effective and efficient use of the organizations sources. Ho

13、wever, this can be described as shown below: - In understanding the effectiveness provided by quality, quality covers efficiency. Quality is concerned with good results, while efficiency is concerned with numbers of re

14、sults. - The target of quality is to reduce cost. If the costs are much higher, its reflection to the public will be much heavier. It aims to keep costs at the lowest level through the most economical manner with the ze

15、ro-error principle. - To satisfy relevant customers, enough continuity of total quality management is of significant importance. From production to strategy, plans and programs must be at every stage, but it must be co

16、ntinuous. The purpose of this is to satisfy the customer not for a short term, but for a long term suitable for their expectations and in providing continuity (Kazan & Ergülen, 2008, 103). Therefore, this con

17、tinuity is called as “Kaizen“. Kaizen is focused on processes, and focusing on customer is essential at every stage. (Sezer, 2001,170). As a result, by meeting customer’s expectations, continuity is ensured. - It is

18、necessary to avoid wastage in organizations for the emergence of surplus. Therefore, sources of the organization must be used efficiently and well planned in all processes with total quality approach from purchasing to

19、 production and from production to sales. Quality Management Process Consequently, there are five (5) principles of Total quality process which is described briefly below: Customer Orientation: This entails developing st

20、rategies to meet customer demands and to be separated from its competitors. Thus by providing customer satisfaction, there is a guarantee of achieving significant success of the organizations. Continuous Improvement: O

21、rganizations which have adopted T.Q.M. philosophy have also adopted continuous improvement at every stage. Continuous development enables the rapid growth of vitality, motivation, and outputs (Ersen, 2004, 100). Throug

22、h this dynamism, organizations prepare themselves against all conditions. Leadership: To implement quality, it is important for the organization to adopt this approach from top to bottom. This, however, will be provided