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簡介：遼寧師范大學碩士學位論文構(gòu)建高校學分制體育課程科學體系的研究姓名王盛國申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)體育教育訓練學指導教師黃濱20040428構(gòu)建高校學分制體育課程科學體系的研究食品；養(yǎng)成良好的行為習慣，形成健康的生活方式；具有健康的體魄。社會適應目標是表現(xiàn)出良好的體育道德和合作精神正確處理競爭與合作的關(guān)系。為此，加大學校體育課程改革的力度，根據(jù)學生生理、心理發(fā)展的特點，制定、調(diào)整學校體育的課程體系，按照“健康第一”的指導思想進行“體育與健康”課程結(jié)構(gòu)的研究是擺在我們體育工作者面前有待解決與探討的熱門話題。自20世紀80年代中期開始，許多發(fā)達國家先后掀起大規(guī)模的課程改革，進入90年代以來已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一股強大的跨世紀教育改革的潮流。然而，回顧我國教育進幾十年的課程改革與發(fā)展，特別是體育教育，其改革與發(fā)展明顯滯后于當代教育發(fā)展的潮流，已不能適應當今國際上的“人才”競爭的需要。因此，目前在體育教育教學改革中，把課程改革的應用性研究提高到一個較高的高度來認識是非常重要和有意義的。因為，課程是體育教育改革的實質(zhì)和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，是溝通宏觀和微觀教育改革的橋梁。在目前特別是我國學校體育教育改革方向和指導思想基本確定以后，構(gòu)建合理的體育課程科學的體系與此相對應的學分制是相互相承的。在課程基本目標確立后要具有發(fā)展目標，發(fā)展目標是針對部分學有所長和有余力的學生確定的，也可作為大多數(shù)學生的努力目標，分為五個領(lǐng)域目標。即運動參與目標是指形成良好的體育鍛煉習慣；能獨立制訂適用于自身需要的健身運動處方；具有較高的體育文化素質(zhì)和觀賞水平。運動技能目標是指積極提高運動技術(shù)水平，發(fā)展自己的運動才能，在某個運動項目上達到或相當于國家等級運動員水平；能參加有挑戰(zhàn)性的野外活動和運動競賽。身體健康目標是指能選擇良好的運動環(huán)境，全面發(fā)展體能，提高自身科學鍛煉的能力，練就強健的體魄。心理健康II標是指在具有挑戰(zhàn)性的運動環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)出勇敢頑強的意志品質(zhì)。社會適應目標是指形成良好的行為習慣，積極參加社區(qū)體育事務。本研究通過文獻資料、專家訪談、問卷調(diào)查不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過優(yōu)化教育觀念；優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化教育具有的目標優(yōu)化教育內(nèi)容；優(yōu)化教育方法；優(yōu)化評價標準；優(yōu)化培養(yǎng)體系課內(nèi)外一體化。為此，通過優(yōu)化體育術(shù)科選修課必修優(yōu)化體育理論選修課必修優(yōu)化選項課教學目標；選項與教學管理；評價體系；課外體育俱樂部等方面的研究，構(gòu)建符合時代發(fā)展的體育課程科學體系試圖為改變舊的教學模式，建立一個以健身育人，增強體育意識與能力，形成終身體育思想為中心的新的課程設(shè)置體系，提供一定的參考和思路。2研究對象及研究方法21文獻資料法根據(jù)需要查閱了相關(guān)著作及文獻資料，為選題和研究尋找理論依據(jù)。22專家訪談法走訪、電話咨詢了多所高校資深專家、學者為本研究提供有力的依據(jù)。23問卷調(diào)查法①本人從個人體育愛好、每周鍛煉次數(shù)、練習方法、自我評價能力等方面分等級、性別進行了問卷調(diào)查。我院L一4年級學生發(fā)放問卷600份，收回有效問卷5942

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簡介：編號三冼I鉑砷范大爹碩士學位論文題目現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)在中職自然科學基礎(chǔ)知識教學中的應用研究所在院專業(yè)名指導教研究完成時系教育技術(shù)學院稱現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)師李兆君生盧秀萍間2007年9月沈陽師范大學研究生處制THEAPPLICATIONOFMODERNEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGYTOTHETEACHINGOFFUNDAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNATURAISCIENCEABSTRACTSUPPORTEDB，，MXLERD矗LUC撕伽LALTECHNOLOGYTHISPAPERPRESENTSADETAILEDREPORTIMPLEMENTEDTOSTUDYTHESUBJECTTHATTHROUGHTHEAPPLICATIONOFINMUCTIONMAINPARTTEACHINGMODEL，STUDENTS’LEARNINGMEANSANDLEARNINGEFFECT黜AFFECTEDANDTHEIRINDEPENDENCESTUDYANDCORPORATIONSTUDYARCALSOIMPROVEDBYUSINGMODERNEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY柚DHYPOTHESIZINGSEW既ALPROBLEMSTHETHESISAIMSATENHANCINGLEARNINGINTERESTANDA嘴A吐VEABILITYOFTHESTUDENTSBECAUSEFIMDAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNATURALSCICNC冶ISBASEDONOBSCRVATIONEXPERIMENTANDMANUALOPERATIONITHASTHEFAVORABLECONDITIONFORUSINGMODCLNEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGYITISM∞NI】喀觸ANDUSEFULTOSTUDYTHEAPPLICATIONOFMODERNEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGYTOTHETEACHINGOFFUNDAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNATURALSCIENCETHEFULLARTICLEISDIVIDEDINTOFIVECHAPTERSCHAPTERONC，RESEARCHBACKGROUNDSANDPRESENTSTUDYINGCONDITIONBOTH砒HOMEANDABROADARCBRIEFLYIN缸ODUCEDCHAPTERTWOAFTERTHEDEFINITIONSOFRELEVANTCONCEPTS，THEORETICALFOUNDATIONISANDYZEDFZOMTHREEDISCIPLINEASPECTSOFINFORMATIONTHEORYSTUDYINGTHEORYANDPHILOSOPHY11塢POSITIVEEFFECTOFAPPLICATIONOFMODERNEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGYINTHETEACHINGOFFUNDAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNATURALSCIENCEISEXPLAINEDCHAPTERTHREE，THECHARACTERISTICSSTATUS，ANDPRESENTTEACHINGCONDITIONOFFUNDAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNAKUALSCIENCE啪INTRODUCEDCHAPTERFOURTHEAPPLICATIONFOUNDATIONOFINSTRUCTIONMAINPANTEACHMGMODELISEXPLAINEDFROMFIVE嬲P∞協(xié)CHAPTERFIVE，STUDENTSMAJOREDINEARLYCHILDHOODEDUCATIONINPANJINECONOMICALANDTECHNICALSCHOOLA托REGARDED鵲THERESEARCHOBJECTOFEXPERIMENT11地OUTCOMESOFINSM蜘ONMAINPANTEACHINGMODEL撕ANALYZEDACCORDINGTOTHESTUDYINGRESULTSOFTHEEXPERIMENTSOL越ECLIPSEANDMOONECLIPSEANDBIOLOGYANDENVIRONMENTA聰GIVENASALLEXAMPLEFORTEACHINGDESIGN1ASTLYTHEAUTHORSUMMARIZESTHEPRELIMINARYACHIEVEMENTMADEINTHISRESEARCHANDANALYZEDITSWEAKPOINT函搿WORDSMOCKWLGLEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY，F(xiàn)UNCLAMENTALKNOWLEDGEOFNATURALSCIENCE，INSTRUCTIONMAINPART，M

簡介：東北師范大學碩士學位論文科學發(fā)展觀統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下的大學生就業(yè)指導理論問題研究姓名于偉麗申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)馬克思主義理論與思想政治教育指導教師王兵20061201ABSTRACTTHISARTICLEMAINLYDEALSWITHTHED蠲CURIESOFEMPLOYMENTTOTHEGRADUATES，POINTINGOUI。THATWESHOULDCORRECTLYANDDEEPLYSTUDYTHETHEORYANDPRACTICEOFTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMEMHAVINGVIEWEDTHEADVANCEDEXPERIENCEABROADAND【THECURRENTSITUATIONSINCHINA，THEAUTHORTRIESTOANALYZETHETROUBLESOMEPROBLEMSINCAREERSGUIDEINCHINAANDSUGGESTSTHEWORKABLEWAYSTOSOLVETHEMNEARTICLEEMPHASIZESPARTICULARLYONTHETRENDOFTHECAREERSGUIDEFORTHEGRADUATESANDMAKESPREDICTIVEANALYZESANDTENTATIVETHINKINGABOUTIT，HE。PINGTOSEETHEHARMONY，MUTUALBENEFITANDDEVELOPMENTOFHUMANIESOURCCSTHEARTICLECONSISTSOFSIXPARTSFIRM。THESIGNIFICANCEOFTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTFORGRADUATES，CAREERSGUIDE，POINTINGOUTTHEIMPORTANCEOFTHECONNOTATIONOFTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTFORTHEEATEELSGUIDESECOND，THEANALYSISOFTHECURRENTSITUATIONSINCHINA，CLARIFYINGTHECONCEPTOFTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTANDCAREERSGUIDE，INTRODUCINGTHEHISTORYANDCURRENTSITUATIONOFCAREELSGUIDEINCHINATO西VEVALUABLEREFERENCETOTHESCIENTIFICJOBGUIDETHIRD，THEINTRODUCTIONOFTHECHARACTERISTICSANDSUCCESSFULEXPERIENCEOFCAREERSGUIDEABROADTOSUPPLYMEANINGFULREFERENCE。FORSCIENTIFICTHEORYOFCAREERSGUIDE；FOURTHTHETROUBLESOMEPROBLEMSANDCOUNTERMEASURESOFCAREERSGUIDE，POINTING，OUTTHEPROBLEMSWHICHBLOCKTHEDEVELOPMENTOFCAREERGUIDETOOFFERTHEELEMENTARYMEASURES10THEMFIFTH，THETENDENCYOFTHECAREERSGUIDE，TALKINGABOUTSEVERALFIELDSWHICHWEMUSTEXTENDINTHEWORKOFCAREERSGUIDESIXTH，UNDERTHEGUIDANCEOFTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTPOINTINGOUTTHATTHESOCIALATTENTIONFROMEVERYPERSONISTHEGUARANTEEOFTHESUSTAINABLE，HEALTHY，ANDSTEADYSOCIALDEVELOPMENTKEYWORDSTHECONCEPTOFSCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENT；GRADUATESCAREERSGUIDETROUBLESOMECONTRAVENTIONCOUNTERMEASURESTENDENCYOFTHEDEVELOPMEMII

簡介：物理教學中科學美教育研究物理教學中科學美教育研究專業(yè)方向?qū)W科教學、物理姓名宿艷【摘要3本文綜述了科學美的含義及其美學特征，論述了科學美的審美教育與素質(zhì)教育的關(guān)系，指出物理教學中實施科學美教育的途徑和方法及實踐意義。并就美育與物理教育的相關(guān)性運用物理教育的實驗方法進行問卷調(diào)查，進一步探討了在物理教學中實施美育的必要性和積極作用。【關(guān)鍵詞】科學美、審美教育、素質(zhì)教育中華人民共和國教育部2001年制定了全日制義務教育物理課程標準，提出物理課程的價值，其中一個方面就是要“通過從自然、生活到物理的認識過程，激發(fā)學生求知欲，讓學生領(lǐng)略自然現(xiàn)象中的美妙與和諧。”【月課程標準是指導教學的重要依據(jù)，所以，我們要探討一下科學美與物理教學的關(guān)系。一、關(guān)于科學美的理論探討本文研究的題目涉及科學美，那么什么是科學美呢我們要研究科學美，首先需要了解什么是美以及科學中的美學特征是什么11什么是美古往今來有很多哲人對美進行過研究和探討，莊子在齊物論中說道“毛墻麗姬，人之所美也，魚見之深入，鳥見之高飛，糜鹿見之決驟。四者孰知天下之正色哉”顯然，我們?nèi)粘Ｋ岬降拿篮兔栏惺菍儆谌祟愄赜械木瘳F(xiàn)象，其它動物和我們的審美觀是不同的。自從鮑姆加通將美學作為一門獨立的學科確定下來后，近代學者們對美學進行了大量的論述。在這些成果中，最具代表性的當屬黑格爾對美學進行的系統(tǒng)闡迷。對于我們來說，審美觀可以簡單地說成對象的形式給我們帶來了愉悅的觀感，然而康德卻認為只指出審美產(chǎn)生快感還不解決問題，要解決的問題在于美感雖然是個別的主觀的，何以仍有普遍性和必然性。康德的解釋是由于對象的形式引起人的知解力與想象力的自由而和諧的活動，它適合一般人的心理機能，所以使一般人都能感到愉快這就足見審美對象的目的性，它適合人類心理機能活動的某一種仿佛是神憊預定的安排。所以康德把審美的判斷和目的論聯(lián)在一起來講?？档抡f，美應該是這樣一種性質(zhì)它不借概念，而被感覺為一種引起普遍快感的對象。美應該具有目的性的形式，但僅限于這樣的意義我們雖感覺到對象的目的性，心里對這目的卻沒有一個明確的觀念?？档掳咽挛锓瞎δ苣康牡男再|(zhì)作為審美形式的內(nèi)容和背景，而與形式本身區(qū)別開來，從而使美與功利成為不同性質(zhì)的價值規(guī)定。黑格爾進一步發(fā)揮了康德這一思想。概括地說，黑格爾認為美就是理念的感性顯現(xiàn)。黑格爾所說的理念不是別的，就是概念、概念所代表的實在以及這二者的統(tǒng)一。概念本身物理教學中科學美教育研究中介。在物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)和技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，對于功能美的發(fā)現(xiàn)也早于藝術(shù)美的探索。蘇格拉底公元前469一前399最早提出了“美善”說，他認為“凡是我們用的東西如果被認為是美的和善的，那就都是從同一個觀點它們的功用去看的?！薄耙驗槿魏我患|西如果它能很好的實現(xiàn)它在功用方面的目的，它就同時是善和又是美的，否則它就同時是惡的又是丑的?！珻31如果說這種美善說觀點反映了人類早期對于功利與審美關(guān)系的認識還處于混淆那么到了德國古典哲學時期對于審美價值的認識則已經(jīng)達到了質(zhì)的純凈化。2近現(xiàn)代的科學美近現(xiàn)代以來，許多重大科學的發(fā)展始終受到科學認識和審美這樣兩種行為動機的推動。1543年哥白尼14731543發(fā)表了天體運行論，成為近代天文學的開端。“在他和他的直接后繼者的身上可以看到現(xiàn)代科學由之產(chǎn)生的互相斗爭而最終相互結(jié)合的兩大因素第一，對于一種從邏輯上看和從藝術(shù)上看都是完美無缺的自然秩序的信念第二，對每一理論都進行那種可以通過直接觀察做出決斷的實驗檢驗的決心?！?1哥白尼的學說正是按股他所信奉的科學美學原則簡單、合理、和諧而提出的。開普勒15711634也是一位杰出的數(shù)學家，他所以相信哥白尼體系，不僅墓于他所積累的大量行星觀測資料，也在于他相信哥白尼體系具有更大的數(shù)學簡單性與和諧。他說“我從靈魂的最深處證明它是真實的，我以難于相信的歡樂心情去欣賞它的美。”18伽利略15641642創(chuàng)立了嚴密的科學實驗方法，同時又以簡單的數(shù)學定律表現(xiàn)出物理運動的規(guī)律，由此成為近代精密科學的奠基人。在現(xiàn)代科學中，相對論和量子力學同樣是以數(shù)學作為它的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和表達形式。這就是說，數(shù)學語言為科學理論取得了直觀和形式特性。對此海森堡指出“對于現(xiàn)象的豐富多彩的多樣性的理解，就出現(xiàn)于在其中認出可以用數(shù)學語言來表示的統(tǒng)一的形式原則。據(jù)此，在可理解的東西和美的東西之間也就建立起一種密切的聯(lián)系。”191這種數(shù)學語言的形式原則為審美的直觀提供了具有可感知的形象性，這種形式特性為科學理性內(nèi)容的表達形式取得了走向感性直接性的途徑。赫茲的實驗也同時標志著經(jīng)典物理的頂峰。物理學的大廈從來都沒有這樣地金壁輝煌，令人嘆為觀止。牛頓的力學體系已經(jīng)是如此雄偉壯觀，現(xiàn)在麥克斯韋在它之上又構(gòu)建起了同等規(guī)模的另一幢建筑，它的光輝燦爛讓人幾乎不敢仰視。電磁理論在數(shù)學上完美得難以置信，著名的麥氏方程組剛一問世，就被世人驚為天物它所表現(xiàn)出的深刻、對稱、優(yōu)美使得每一個科學家都陶醉在其中，玻爾茲曼LUDWIGBOLTZMANN情不自禁地引用歌德的詩句說’難道是上帝寫的這些嗎，一直到今天，麥氏方程組仍然被公認為科學美的典范，即使在還沒有赫茲的實驗證實之前，已經(jīng)廣泛地為人們所認同。許多偉大的科學家都為它的魅力折服，并受它深深的影響，有著對于科學美的堅定信仰，甚至認為對于一個科學理論來說，簡潔優(yōu)美要比實驗數(shù)據(jù)的準確來得更為重要。馬赫在他的力學原理中甚至把簡單、經(jīng)濟當成了定義物理學的概念和定律的根本原則。13科學美的美學特征

簡介：天津大學博士學位論文基于系統(tǒng)科學的高等教育轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展研究姓名王華峰申請學位級別博士專業(yè)管理科學與工程指導教師韓文秀李全生20021201ABSTRACTFROMTHEANGLEOFSYSTEMSCIENCEANDMAKINGUSEOFTHERELATEDTHEORYOFCOMPOUNDSYSTEMANDTHEMETHODSOFCOMPARATIVESTUDIESANDSYSTEMANALYSIS，THISPAPERMAKESALLINTENSIVERESEARCHONPROBLEMSCONCERNINGTHETRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTOFCHINA’SHIGHEREDUCATIONTHERESEARCHFOCUSESMAINLYONTHEFOLLOWINGPOINTS1ONTHEBASISOFANALYZINGTHEMACROBACKGROUND，THECURRENTSITUATIONANDOBJECTIVEOFDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASHIGHEREDUCATIONASWELLASTHERESULTSOFRESEARCHONHIGHEREDUCATIONTRANSFORMATIONABROAD，THISPAPERELABORATESONTHECONNOTATIONOFHIGHEREDUCATIONTRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTANDWORKSOUTAFRAMEWORKOFADIVERSIFIEDHIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEM2USINGTHEMETHODOFCOMPARATIVESTUDIES，THISPAPERHASMADEANINTENSIVERESEARCHONTHEDIFFERENTPATTEMS，COURSESANDFEATURESOFHIGHEREDUCATIONTRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTINTHEUS，BRITAINANDJAPANANDHASOBTAINEDMUCHINSPIRATIONWHICHISOFUNIVERSALGUIDINGANDREFERENTIALSIGNIFICANCE3THISPAPERPUTSFORWARDFOURINTRICATEKEYELEMENTSINTHEFORMATIONOFTHEHIGHEREDUCATIONSYSTEM，IEQUALITYSCOPE，STRUCTUREANDBENEFITHAVINGTHOROUGHLYANALYZEDTHESEFOURELEMENTSANDTHEIRCORELATIONSBYWAYOFSYSTEMANALYSIS，ITOFFERSANOTIONALMODELOFCOORDINATEDEVELOPMENTWITHINTHEHIGHEREDUCATIONALSYSTEM4BYSYSTEMATICALLYANALYZINGTHECOMPOSITIONANDCONNECTEDRELATIONSOFTHECOMPOUND”EDEC”SYSTEMTHECOMPOUNDSYSTEMOFEDUCATIONANDECONOMY，THISPAPERSETSUPPATTERNSOFTHESTRUCTUREANDCOORDINATEDEVELOPMENTOFTHECOMPOUNDEDECSYSTEMDURINGITSTRANSFORMATIONANDOFFERSAMETHODOFEVALUATIONBASEDONFUZZYNEURALNET5USINGTHEMODELOFMINIWAVENEURALNET，THEPAPERHASMADEAPREDICTIONOFTHESTRATEGICOBJECTIVEOFTHETRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASHIGHEREDUCATIONANDONTHEBASISOFANALYZINGTHECOURSEANDACTUALCONDITIONOFCHINA’SHIGHEREDUCATIONTRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENT，ITPUTSFORWARDACHOICEOFPARERNSOFCHINA’SHIGHEREDUCATIONTRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTANDAPOLICYTOBEEMPLOYEDINITSENFORCEMENTTHISPAPERHASOFFEREDANEWPATHANDMETHODFORRESEARCHINGTHEREFORMANDDEVELOPMENTOFCHINASHIGHEREDUCATION，WHICHHASANIMPORTANTTHEORETICALSIGNIFICANCEANDPRACTICALVALUEFORTHECURRENTTRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENTOFCHINA’SHIL曲EREDUCATIONKEYWORDSSYSTEMSCIENCE，COMPOUNDSYSTEM，HIGHEREDUCATION，TRANSFORMATIONALDEVELOPMENT，COORDINATEDEVELOPMENT，PATTEMSOFDEVELOPMENT

簡介：重慶大學碩士學位論文以質(zhì)量為導向的社會科學研究成果評價體系研究姓名何娟申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟及管理指導教師孟衛(wèi)東20091130重慶大學碩士學位論文英文摘要ABSTRACTBEDISAGREEWITHTHENATURALSCIENCEDECIDESTHESOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONISSOCOMPLEXRECENTLYTHESOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONISDEVELOPINGINTHEPROMOTIONPROGRESS，BUTTHEREISLOTSOFINADAPTATIONESINTHEPROGRESSCONSEQUENTLYWORKINGONTHISSUBJECTRESEARCHISGOODFORSOCIALSCIENCEDEVELOPMENTIMPROVINGTHELEVELOFSCIENTIFICANDSTANDARDIZEDOFTHERESEARCHMANAGEMENTPROMOTINGSOCIALSCIENCERESEARCHPRODUCTS’TRANSFORMATIONANDUSE，STANDARDIZEANDGUIDETHEACADEMICRESEARCL凡RESTRAININGACADEMICDECAYANDSOONSOITWILLHAVEAIMPORTANTTHEORETICALANDREALISTICVALUETOPROMOTOURCOUNTRY’SSOCIALSCIENCE011AHEALTHWAYTHEPAPERGOESDEEPINTOTHEEVALUATIONSYSTEMOFINDEXOFSOCIALSCIENCERESEARCHACHIEVEMENTFROMTHEVISUALANGLEOFRESEARCHMANAGEMENTFIRSTLYTHEPAPERINTRODUCESTHESUMMARIESOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATION乃EPAPERGIVESADEFINITIONOFSOCIALSCIENCE，THEDIFFERENTBETWEENSOCIALSCIENCEANDNATURALSCIENCE，THEMEANINGANDFEATUREOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTANDTHEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONANALYSESTHEPROBLEMSOFTHEPRESENTSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONCRITERIONSTHENINTRODUCESTHETHREEPRINCIPLESWHICHCONSTRUCTSTHESOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONGUIDESONTHEQUALITYDESCRIBESTHESCIENTIFICSTANDARDSOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONFORMSCIENCE，INNOVATION，EFFICIENCYANDNORMATIVESECONDLYWEFOCUSONDISCUSSINGHOWTOCONSTRUCTTHEEVALUATIONSYSTEMOFINDEXOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTSTEPONE，INTRODUCESTHEBASICPRINCIPLESABOUTHOWTOCONSTRUCTTHEHEEVALUATIONSYSTEMOFINDEXOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTFORM‘‘FOURCOMBINATIONS’’；STEPTWO，USEASCIENTIFICCLASSIFICATIONMETHODTODIVIDETHESOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTPATTERN；NELASTSTEPISWITHABOVEMENTIONEDANALYSIS’S，THENITDIVIDESSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTINTOTHREEPARTSFUNDAMEMRESEARCHACHIEVEMENTAPPLIEDDEVELOPMENTRESEARCHACHIEVEMENTANDDATACOMPILATIONRESEARCHACHIEVEMENTANDCONSTRUCTSTHESYSTEMOFINDEXOFEVALUATIONFINALLYTHEPAPEREXPOUNDSHOWTOCONSTRUCTTHEANOTHERPARTOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONOPERATIONANDAPPLICATIONSYSTEMFIRSTLYTHEPAPERINTRODUCESTHESCOPEOFSOCIALSCIENCEACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONTHENEXPLORESTHEMAINEVALUATIONEVALUATIONMETHODEVALUATIONPROCEDURE，EVALUATIONPROCESSCONTROL，EVALUATIONGUARANTEEMECHANISMANDSOONKEYWORDSSOCIALSCIENCE，ACHIEVEMENTEVALUATIONSYSTEMOFINDEX，SYSTEMOFOPERATIONANDAPPLICATIONII

簡介：東北師范大學碩士學位論文中國近代科學教育中科學精神缺失研究姓名李娟申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)教育史指導教師曲鐵華20040501ABSTRACTTHEHISTORYOFLEARNINGMODERNSCIENCEINCHINESESCHOOLSHASMORETHANONEHUNDREDYEARSSCIENCEHASBEENAWORDTHATALMOSTEVERYPEOPLEKNOWITHOWEVER,WECANTBESATISFIEDWITHSCIENCEEDUCATION,OURSCIENCELITERACYSTILLVERYBADDOWNBACKTOTHEHISTORY,WEFINDASERIOUSPROBLEMTHATTHOUGHPEOPLETOOKGREATGRANTEDINSCIENCE,THESCIENCESPIRITWHICHISTHESOULOFTHEMODERNSCIENCEWASINTHESTATEOFLOSINGTHEPROSPERITYWASSOMEFALSEAPPEARANCETHESTUDYABOUTWHYWELOSTSCIENCESPIRITDURINGTHESCIENCEEDUCATIONISTHEKEYTOUNDERSTANDANDSOLVETHEPROBLEMSINPRESENTSCIENCEEDUCATIONTHEAUTHORELABORATEDFROMFOURASPECTSSECTIONONE,CONCEPTOFORIGINALITYANDTHEMEANSANDVALUEOFRESEARCHSECTIONTWO,STATINGTHESHOWSOFLACKOFTHESCIENCESPIRITINTHENEOTERICSCIENCEEDUCATION,WHICHAREUNILATERALSCIENCEEDUCATIONCONCEPTION，UTILITARIANSCIENCEEDUCATIONAIMSANDTHELACKOFSCIENCEMETHODSECTIONTHREE,MAINCAUSESOFTHELACEOFTHESCIENCESPIRITINTHENEOTERICSCIENCEEDUCATIONTHEARTICLEDISCUSESITFROMSCHOOLEDUCATION,SOCIETYCONCEPTIONWITHSCIENCEANDTHETRADITIONOFSCIENCESTUDYTHESECAUSESARERESPECTIVEDIRECTCAUSE,INDIRECTCAUSEANDPOTENTIALCAUSESECTIONFOUR,THEINSPIRATIONTOMODEMSCIENCEEDUCATIONWESHOULDEMPHASISTHEROLEOFSCIENCESPIRIT,CREATEFAVORABLECONDITIONTOIMPROVETHEDEVELOPMENTOFSCIENCESPIRITHEALTHYTOOURTHEORISTS,WESHOULDSTRENGTHENTHESTUDYOFSCIENCEEDUCATIONANDSCIENCESPIRITKEYWORDSSCIENCESPIRITSCIENCEEDUCATIONNEOTERICLACK

簡介：初中科學開放式課堂教學模式的實踐研究RESEARCH0N“0PENCLASSROOMTEACHINGPATTERN’’0FJUNIORSCH00LSCIENCEEDUCATL0N作者姓名麻小芳NAMEMAXIAOFANG指導老師李銘紅TUTORLIMINGHONG學科專業(yè)學科教學生物MAJORSUBJECTTEACHINGBIOLOGY浙TN范大學化學與生命科學學院COLLEGEOFCHEMISTRYANDLIFESCIENCES，ZHEJIANGNORMALUNIVERSITY一2010年5月30日㈧IIIIIIIIUILLLITIIIIIY1804554初中科學開放式課堂教學模式的實踐研究摘要現(xiàn)代社會教育的理念、價值觀發(fā)生了變化，創(chuàng)新性人才成為時代的需要?！皩W會學習”成為了現(xiàn)代人追求的目標。信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展又極大地拓展了人們學習的空間和時間。因此，開放式教學模式日益受到人們的關(guān)注。初中科學的教學尤其應該走開放的道路。本研究試圖在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上進一步探討初中科學教學中開放式教學模式的實踐活動。開放式課堂教學是指在開放的教學理念指導下，以學生為主體，尊重學生的選擇，以靈活開放的教學方式和教學內(nèi)容在課堂中實施教學，使學生在自主、和諧、寬松、愉悅的教學氛圍中進行自主探究學習。從開放的教學理念出發(fā)，以開放教學目標、開放教學內(nèi)容、開放教學過程、開放課后作業(yè)、開放教學評價五個方面實踐開放式課堂教學模式，并在教學實踐過程中不斷豐富和完善，構(gòu)建適合初中科學的開放式課堂教學體系，為初中科學教師實施開放式教學模式提供實踐經(jīng)驗和理論基礎(chǔ)。教學實驗采用對比設(shè)計實驗班采用開放式課堂教學，對照班采用傳統(tǒng)教學。研究結(jié)果通過對學生主體性問卷調(diào)查和開放性試題檢測，統(tǒng)計該模式對學生的主體性品質(zhì)和開放性思維品質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的影響，得出開放式課堂教學在實踐中的教學效果。初步研究的結(jié)果表明在學業(yè)成績方面，實驗班和對照班的學生不存在顯著性的差異，但在開放性試題檢測上存在顯著顯著性差異，說明開放式課堂教學有助于學生學業(yè)發(fā)散思維和創(chuàng)新能力的提高在主體性品質(zhì)方面，通過問卷調(diào)查統(tǒng)計發(fā)現(xiàn)，實驗班和對照班學生在自主性和創(chuàng)造性兩個維度上存在顯著性的差異，但能動性水平?jīng)]有顯著性差異，說明開放式課堂教學能在一定程度上提高學生的主體性品質(zhì)。通過對初中科學開放式教學實踐的研究，得出如下結(jié)論

簡介：天津大學碩士學位論文非營利組織管理效率及實證研究科學技術(shù)協(xié)會管理案例姓名邊守川申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)工商管理指導教師齊二石20061201ABSTRACTTHEPAPERGIVESABRIEFSTUDYONTHEGENERALDESCRIPTIONOFNONPROFITORGANIZATION’SDEVELOPMENTBOTHCHINAANDABROAD，THEMAINCONCEPTIONS，THECAUSEOFITSEMERGENCE，THECHARACTERSANDCLASSIFICATION，ANDTHEMAINTHEORIES．THENITANALYZESTHEEFFICIENCYCONCEPTIONANDITSEXPRESSIONINDIFFERENTPOINTOFVIEWS，ANDGIVESABRIEFINTRODUCTIONOFTHETHEORIES，METHODSANDRESULTSABOUTTHENPO’SSTUDY．AFTERTHESTUDYONTHECHARACTEROFPUBLICGOODANDPRIVATEGOOD，ITANALYZESANDSTUDIESTHEMACROEFFICIENCYOFTHEORGANIZATIONINTHEMACROINSTITUTIONALSUPPLY,THEMODELOFORGANIZATIONANDMACROMANAGEMENTANGLECOMBINEWITHTHEACTUALSTATUSOFTHENPOINCHINA，ANDTESTIFYTHECOMPARATIVEMACROEFFICIENCYSUPERIORITYOFNPO．THEPAPERTHENSTUDIESTHEMICROEFFICIENCYOFNPO，DISCUSSESTHEEFFECTINGFACTORSOFORGANIZATIONEFFICIENCY．INTHEEND，THERESEARCHGIVESACASEOFASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYASTHEEMPIRICALSTUDY,ANDMAKESSOMESUGGESTIONSONHOWTOIMPROVETHEMANAGINGEFFICIENCYOFASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYONTHEBASISOFTHEANALYSISABOUTMACROANDMICROEFFICIENCYOFTHEORGANIZATION．THEPAPERINCLUDESFIVECHAPTERS，THEMAINRESEARCHCONTENTSANDCREATIVEPOINTSAREASFOLLOWS1．THEDEVELOPMENTOFTHENPO，THEPRESSUREANDCHALLENGESTHENPOINCHINASHOULDFACE，ANDTHENECESSARYOFTHESTUDYABOUTTHEEFFICIENCYOFNPO．2．DISCUSSTHETHEORETICALBASISOFNPOANDEFFICIENCY；CLEARTHECONCEPTIONOFNPOANDITSBORDER,ETC．GIVETHE7KINDOFRELATIONBETWEENGOVERNMENTANDNPOINTHENPO’SEMERGENCENEWPOINTOFVIEW；PUTFORWARDSTHECONSTRUCTIONANDOPERATIONPRINCIPLEOFNPO．3．ACCORDINGTHETHEORIESANDMETHODSOFNPOSTUDY,THEPAPERANALYZESTHEEFFICIENCYOFNPOINTHEANGLEOFMACROANDMICROMANAGINGEFFICIENCY．ONTHEBASISOFSTUDYABOUTTHEMACROINSTITUTIONALEFFICIENCY，ORGANIZATIONALEFFICIENCYANDMANAGINGEFFICIENCY,WEINDUCETHEORGANIZATIONEFFICIENCYFORMULA；PUTFORWARDSTHECONCEPTOFSYSTEMATICEFFICIENCYANDTHEFORMULA．4．SUGGESTINTRODUCINGTHEMODEMMANAGINGTHEORYANDMETHODTONPOMANAGINGFIELD，ANDGIVESTHEAPPLICATIONEXAMPLEOFTHESTRATEGYMANAGEMENT，ISOQUALITYMANAGEMENTANDPERFORMANCEMANAGEMENTINNPO．5．WITHTHERESEARCHTHEORYANDMETHODOFEFFICIENCY,THESTUDYTAKESTHEASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYASACASE，GIVEADETAILANALYSISONTHEMACROANDMICROEFFICIENCYOFASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY，SETUPAEFFICIENCYESTIMATIONMODEL，DOSOMECALCULATIONONTHEMANAGEMENTEFFICIENCY．6．PUTFORWARDSTHESUGGESTIONSONIMPROVINGTHEMANAGEMENTEFFICIENCYOFASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY．KEYWORDSNONPROFITORGANIZATIONNPO，EFFICIENCY,MACROEFFICIENCY,MICROEFFICIENCY,MANAGEMENTEFFICIENCY,ASSOCIATIONFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYLL

簡介：大連理工大學EMBA學位論文題目名稱Y82‘881黑龍江省水利科學研究院發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究計學位論文55頁表格3個插圖LL幅論文完成時間QQ生旦評閱人韭塞焦劉曉冰指導教師肖進笪答辯委員會主席韭塞絲院長苧堂勤ABSTRACTWITHTHEIMPROVEMENTOFMARKETECONOMYLOCALWATERCONSERVANCYSECTORSINSTITUTESAREFACINGREFORMSOFSCIENTIFICSYSTEMTHISISSEVERETESTANDALSOGOODTIMEFORCHALLENGEANDCHANCEHOWTOGETRIDOFTHESHADOWOFPLMMEDECONOMYANDCHANGETHEPREVIOUSTRADITIONALIDEASANDMANAGEMENTMODES；HOWTOOPENUPANDBDNGFORTHNEWIDEAS，POSITIVELYEXPLORENEWMINDSOFDEVELOPINGLOCALHYDRAULICSCIENTIFICANDRESEARCHINSTITUTE，ESTABLISHNEWINTERNALSTRUCTURERELATIONS；HOWTOFACETHECHALLENGEANDCHANCETOADAPTTOTHEMARKETECONOMYANDSCIENTIFICSYSTEMREFORMS，ARETHECOMMONQUESTIONSFACEDBVALLOFTHE10CALSCIENTIFICRESEARCHINSTITUTESOFWATERCONSERVANCYSECTORS。THISPAPERPUTSTHEORYINTOPRACTICEANDTAKESHEILONGJIANGPROVINCIALWATERCONSERVANCYSCIENTIFICRESEARCHINSTITUTETHEINSTITUTEASTHERESEARCHOBJECTTHEPAPERSTARTSWITHANALYZINGTHEINTERNALANDEXTEMALENVIRONMENTOFTHEINSTITUTEBYUSINGTHETHEORYANDANALYSISMETHODOFCOMPANYDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYTHENTHISPAPERSUMMARIZESITSSTRENGTH，WEAKNESS，OPPORTUNITYANDTHREATOFTHEINSTITUTEUSINGPEST，THEMODELOFFIVEFORCESANDSWOTSTRATEGICANALYSISMETHODANDSHOWSTHESWOTMATRIXOFTHEINSTITUTENEXT，THEMAINFRAMEWORKANDTHESUPPORTIVEFRAMEWORKOFTHEINSTITUTEAREDESCRIBEDTHISPAPERASCERTAINSTHESTRATEGICMISSIONANDTHECOREOFSTRATEGICPOSITION，NAMELYDEVELOPINGTHERESEARCHOFRESISTINGFREEZINGDISASTERTHESTANDARDOFWATERSAVINGIRRIGATIONANDTOOLS，THEPLANNINGANDUSINGOFWATERRESOURCESSTRATEGICGOALSOFTHEINSTITUTEARESETUPTHISPAPERALSOPUTFORWARDTHEWHOLEPLANNINGANDDETAILEDIMPLEMENTSTEPSOFTHEINSTITUTE，BRINGFORTHSEVERALSAFEGUARDMEASURESANDCONTROLWAYSSETTINGUPTHEPLATFORMOFSCIENTIFICCULTURESINCLUDEDATLAST，THISPAPEREDUCEDTHEDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYWHICHISACCORDEDWITHTHERESULTSOFSTRATEGICDEVELOPMENTOFTHEINSTITUTEKEYWORDSDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGY；SWOTANALYSIS；IMPLEMENTI

簡介：山東大學碩士學位論文方以智科學觀研究姓名齊鵬申請學位級別碩士專業(yè)科學技術(shù)哲學指導教師高奇20080406山東大學碩士學位論文中文摘要方以智是明末清初最杰出的科學家，他把中國傳統(tǒng)科學精神和部分西方科學觀念融會貫通，創(chuàng)立了“質(zhì)測之學”，為中國古代科學向近代科學的轉(zhuǎn)型注入了活力。方以智一方面繼承和發(fā)揮了程朱格物說中所含有的外向性的科學理性精神，并以其為指導豐張對自然現(xiàn)象及其規(guī)律進行廣泛的考察與研究；另一方面，他突破了傳統(tǒng)理學的社會倫理道德束縛，將物理與治教區(qū)分開來，認為“格物”就是探討物質(zhì)世界及其規(guī)律的“質(zhì)測之學一，即所有客觀事物都是科學研究的對象。方以智在批判繼承中國傳統(tǒng)格物致知說的基礎(chǔ)上，也對由西方傳教士帶來的西方科學有分析有批判地加以改造吸收，從而形成了其獨特的科學觀。其基本內(nèi)容有第一，世間的一切學術(shù)活動劃分為二類，即“物理”、“宰理”、“至理”。“宰理”主要研究社會倫理道德及政治學等，類似今天的社會科學“物理”是指質(zhì)測之學，主要研究事物屬性及矛盾變化規(guī)律，類似今天的自然科學和應用科學；“至理”是指“通幾”，研究世界萬事萬物最根本最普遍規(guī)律的，類似今天的哲學。認為質(zhì)測之學與通幾之學即科學與哲學有著密切的關(guān)系，哲學要以自然科學為基礎(chǔ)，自然科學是哲學的來源和根基。第二，科學研究的懷疑實證觀。認為懷疑精神是科學發(fā)展的重要推動力，是科學精神的精髓，科學研究始于對已知結(jié)論的懷疑，懷疑是科學研究的必要條件。第三，數(shù)量化科學觀。認為自然界是由“度數(shù)”構(gòu)成的，度數(shù)規(guī)定著事物運動變化的規(guī)律，天地間的一切變化都是“數(shù)為之也”，并力圖由“數(shù)“達“理”，對自然界進行數(shù)學關(guān)系的描述，最終達到一個“A然哲學之數(shù)學原理”的演繹體系。第四，認為世界是可知的，科學認識的客體是客觀物質(zhì)世界及其內(nèi)在的本質(zhì)和規(guī)律，認識的機制是“心物交格”，科學認識的最終目的是“以知還物”，去改造世界。第五，具有近代意義的科學研究方法。提倡歸納和演繹相結(jié)合的科學研究方法，開創(chuàng)了“由數(shù)達理”和注重實驗的科學研究之路，使中國傳統(tǒng)科學具有近代科學的肩蒙因了，初步實現(xiàn)了中西科學觀念的結(jié)合。第六，開放會通觀。認為科學研究應該是開放的，只有這樣才能兼收并蓄，博采眾長，更好地促進科學的發(fā)展。方以智的科學觀在一定程度上改變了人們傳統(tǒng)的實學觀念，推動了清代實學