世界需求和競爭力對出口和經(jīng)濟增長的影響【外文翻譯】

1、本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯原文外文題目：EffectsofWldDemCompetitivenessonExptsEconomicGrowth出處：GrowthChange(Vol.25Winter1994pp.324)作者：JESSIEPOON原文：EffectsofWldDemCompetitivenessonExptsEconomicGrowthIntroductionTheroleofexptsineconomicgrowthhasb

2、eenmuchdebatedsincethe1950s.Twoviewpointsacterizethedevelopmentliteratureontherelationshipbetweenexptseconomicgrowth.Thefirstconsidersthateconomicgrowthisaconsequenceoffavableinternalsupplyrelatedfacts.Exptspromotegrowth

3、becausetheystimulatetheefficientuseofthesefactsfeconomicproductionenableacountryregiontoremaincompetitme(Bhagwati1988Kravis1973Riedel1987).Inthesecondviewpointthesuccessofexptledgrowthissaidtorestonafavabletradeenvironme

4、ntwhichdependsontheeconomicprosperityofceregions.Thisdemientedviewpointsuggeststhatexptsarenotexpectedtoexpfasterthanthedemfthembyceregions(e.g.Lewis1980Nurkse1961Prebisch1962).Thedifferencebetweenthetwoviewpointsliesint

5、heweightgiventothemechanismsdeterminingthelinkexptseconomicgrowth.Oneoutcomeofthepolarizationoftheliteratureisthatregionstryingtodevelopareconfrontedwithdevelopmentmodelswhichoftenassumedualisticfms.Fexample“inward“versu

6、s“outward“tradeientation“expt“versus“impt“becausethisincreasesproductivityspecializationimprovesefficiencythroughbetterresourceallocation.Drawingontheprinciplesofclassicalcomparativeadvantageaswellasventfsurplusstaplethe

7、ies(seefexampleMyint1958Nth19551961)exptoptimistspointtothepotentialgamsthatariseasaresultoftrade.Exptoptimistsexplainthelinkbetweenexptseconomicgrowthintermsofsupplyfactssuchasnaturalresourcesentrepreneurshipskilledlabi

8、nstitutions.Traderesultsmeconomicgrowthbyexpingthesupplyoflabcapitalwhiletechnologicaladvancesraisetheproductivityofthefactsofproduction(Riedel1987).Outwardlookingtradestrategiessuchasexptpromotionhavebeenpopularizedonth

9、epremisethatexptsleadtorapideconomicgrowthdevelopment.Exptshelptoovercomeacountryregionslimitedmarketprovideanoutletfthesurplusproductsthatarenotconsumeddomestically.Idlesurplusresourcesareabsbedintoexptableswhichhavethe

10、effectofstimulatingeconomicgrowth(Myint1958).EngaginginexptproducUOntherefeensuresgreatercapacityutilizationthrougheconomiesofscaleBalassa1985).Ithasalsobeenmaintainedthateconomiesthatareientedtowardsexptsproduceahigherl

11、evelofindustrialization(JointECLAUNIDOIndustrialDevelopmentDivision1986)generatehigherqualityproductsbecauseoftheexposuretointernationalconsumptionpatterns.Othercompellingargumentsincludetheneedbydevelopingcountriestoear

12、nfeignexchangeindertofinanceimptsfmdustriahzation(Esfahani1991)aswellasthedeploymentofabundantlabsothatitleadstothegrowthofemploymentwages(Krueger1988).Exptoptimistssuppttheirpositionbydrawingextensivelyfromeconometricst

13、udiesrelatingeconomicgrowthtosomeindicesofexptperfmanceunderimplicitassumptionsoffavablesupplyconditions.Severalofthesestudiesconcludedthateconomicperfmanceishighlycrelatedtoexptgrowth(Balassa19781985Dodaro1993Emery1967F

14、eder1982Fosu1990Kavoussi1984Maizels1968MichalopoulosJay1973Rana1988SyronWalsh1968Tyler1981).ThemeteicriseoftheAsiannewlyindustrializingcountries(1VICs)hasalsobeenlinkedtotheir“superexpting“developmentstrategy(Balassa1988