[雙語翻譯]食品安全外文翻譯--加強公眾對食品安全監(jiān)管體系的信任（英文）

1、HealthPolicy107 (2012) 98–103ContentslistsavailableatSciVerseScienceDirectHealthPolicyjournalhome page:www.elsevier.com/locate/healthpolEnhancingpublictrustinthefoodsafetyregulatorysystemAndrewPapadopoulos a,?, JanM.Sar

2、geant b, ShannonE. Majowicz a, ByronSheldrick c, CarolynMcKeen a, JeffWilson d, CatherineE.Dewey aa DepartmentofPopulationMedicine,OntarioVeterinaryCollege,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,Ontario,CanadaN1G2W1b Departmento

3、fPopulationMedicine,CentreforPublicHealthandZoonoses,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,Ontario,CanadaN1G2W1c DepartmentofPoliticalScience,CollegeofSocialandAppliedHumanScience,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,Ontario,CanadaN1G2W1d Novo

4、metrixResearchInc,RR1,Moffat,Ontario,CanadaL0P1J0a r t i c l e i nfoArticlehistory:Received5April2011Receivedinrevisedform3May2012Accepted29May2012Keywords:FoodsafetyTrustTransparencyGovernmentregulationPublicheal

5、thpracticea bs t r ac tObjective:It is worth examininghowpublichealth agenciescan enhancethe public’strustinthe food safetyregulatorysystem.This paper will focuson the food safetysystem, whichcanbe defi

6、nedas thoseinvolvedin the safe manufacture,storage,handling,display, dis-tribution,sale or offer for sale, preparation,processingor serviceof food. Specifically,thepaperwill summarizeand discussliterature

7、relatingto public expectationofpublichealthagencyaction regardingprotectingthe foodsupplyand recent policyreforms.Methods:A meta-interpretationwas conductedto identifycommonthemesin peer-reviewedpublicationsand

8、mediasources.Literaturesearchesretrieved39 relevantarticlespublished,resultingin 19 peer-reviewedarticles, 8 media,8 governmentreports,and 4legislationdocuments.Results:Thepublicexpectsa safe foodsystemand they l

9、ack confidencein the currentsystem.Theydesireincreasedscientificallytransparentcommunicationfrom a trustedsource, astrongerpublichealthpresence,a coordinatedfood safetyregulatorysystem,and increasedaccessto inspe

10、ctionresults.Conclusions:Publichealthagenciesmust communicateeasily understoodtransparent,sci-entificinformationto the public. Inspectiondisclosuresystemshave beeneffective inincreasingtransparency.Publichealthage

11、nciesmusthave astrongpresencein a coor-dinatedfood safetyregulatoryframework.© 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.1.IntroductionAwarenessoffoodsafetyissuesamongthepublichasincreasedduetoanumberofsigni

12、ficantandwell-publicizedthreatstopublichealth[1–3].Overthepast? Correspondingauthorat:DepartmentofPopulationMedicine,203AMacNabbHouseOntarioVeterinaryCollege,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,Ontario,CanadaN1G2W1.Tel.:+151982441

13、20x53894;fax:+15197661730.E-mailaddresses:apapadop@uoguelph.ca(A.Papadopoulos),sargeanj@uoguelph.ca(J.M.Sargeant),smajowic@uoguelph.ca(S.E.Majowicz),sheldric@uoguelph.ca(B.Sheldrick),cmckeen@uoguelph.ca(C.McKeen),jeffwil

14、son@novometrix.com(J.Wilson),cdewey@uoguelph.ca(C.E.Dewey).fewdecades,numerouspublichealthcriseshaveerodedconsumertrustinthepublichealthfoodsafetyregulatorysystem[1–6].Thepopulation’shealthdependsontheavail-abilityofsafe

15、food;therefore,itisimperativethatthepublichastrustintheirfoodsupplyandinthefoodsafetysystemandtheagenciesresponsibleforoverseeingit.Indevelopednations,thereisaprevailingexpectationthattheproductswepurchase,prepare,andcon

16、sumearesafeandwillnotcauseillness[4]. Publichealthagenciesareinvolvedinfoodsafetypolicytosafeguardcommunityhealthforthepublicgood[7]. ThepublicalsohasalegalrighttoexpectthefoodtheypurchaseissafebasedonEUlegislation.Con

17、taminatedfoodisnoteasilyidentifiablebycon-sumers,placingmuchoftheonusforfoodsafetyon0168-8510/$–seefrontmatter ©2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2012.05.010100 A.P

18、apadopoulosetal./HealthPolicy107 (2012) 98–103Table1Literaturesearchterms.Specificsearchphrasesusedfollowedgeneralsubjectareasearches.SearchtermsConsumer/publicperceptionANDvulnerabilityANDfoodsupplyPublicANDexpectationA

19、NDpublichealthANDfoodsupplyPolicyevolutionANDpublichealthFactorsANDdecisionmakingANDpublichealthpolicyEffectiveness*ANDeducationANDcampaign*ANDpublichealthConsumer/publicbehavi?rANDfoodsafetyEffectivepublicANDhealthpolic

20、yANDformation/creationConsumer/publicperceptionANDfood(supply)protection/safetyGovernmentANDsafeguarding*ANDfoodsupplyGovernmentANDsafeguardingANDfoodGovernmentANDpublicperceptionANDfoodPublicperceptionANDfoodprotectionP

21、ublicperceptionANDfoodsafetyPolicyANDfoodANDpublicperceptionPolicyANDfoodsafetyPublicexpectationANDfoodsupplyPublicperceptionANDvulnerabilityANDfoodsupplyRiskANDpublicperceptionANDfoodPublicopinionANDgovernmentANDfoodsaf

22、etyPublicopinionANDgovernmentANDfoodarticleswereaddedtotheelectronicreferencingtoolRef-Works,andtheneachwasreviewedinitsentirety.Thefinalinclusioncriteriaresultedinallofthethreeresearchersreadingandreviewingthepeer-revie

23、wedarticleindepen-dently,andthentogetherverifyingthatitaddressedtheissueofpublictrustinthefoodsupplywithincontext,anditsfindingscontributedtothisresearch.Eachresearcherreviewedtherelevantdocumentsandnotedmentionofanypubl

24、icexpectationswithregardtofoodsafety,andanypolicyreformsundertakenbypublichealthagencies.Theresearchersthencomparedtheirfindingswithoneanothertoensureaccuratedataextraction.Thesefindingsformedthedataforthisstudy.Initiall

25、y,onlypeer-reviewedarticleswereaccepted;however,theliteraturesearchwasexpandedtoincludemediapublicationsusingthesamesearchprocessandtermsaswiththepeer-reviewedsearch.Duringtheanal-yses,agapwasidentifiedinthepublic’sthoug

26、htsandopinionsonfoodsafety.Thepurposeofmediareportingistoprovideawarenesstothepublicregardingsignificanteventsandtheresearchersfeltthatinclusionofmediapub-licationswouldcontributetothedataregardingthisgap,asthemediaboths

27、hapesandrevealspublicviewpoints[1,2,4].Thethreeresearchersextractedpointspertainingtothepublic’sopinionand/orperceptionofthefoodsafetysystemfrommediaarticlesinordertoenhanceinforma-tionfoundthroughpeer-reviewedliterature

28、.Forexample,interviewsegmentswithmembersofthepubliccontainedwithinmediaarticleswereconsideredtobereflectiveofpublicsentiment.Notwithstanding,articlesfrommediasourcestendedtoincludemultipleviewpointswhichprovidedabalanced

29、reviewofthenewsitem.Therearelimitationstorelyingsolelyonmediareportingasdatasincethesereportingmethodsarenotgroundedbyscientificmethodsandmaybeone-sidedintheirpresentation.3.ResultsTheliteraturesearchesretrieved357articl

30、es,ofwhich39weredeemedrelevant.Therelevantarticleswerecat-egorizedintopeer-reviewed(19),media(8),governmentreports(8),andlegislation(4).3.1.PublicexpectationregardingfoodsafetyThepublicquestionswhetherlocalpublichealthag

31、en-ciesarecontinuouslyworkingtoprotecttheirfoodsupply[4,8].Informationonfoodsafetyissuesshouldbetrans-parent,andfromatrustedandknowledgeablesource[5,8,24,25].Physiciansandthemedicalcommunityareusu-allyseenashighlytrusted

32、bythepublic,followedcloselybylocalpublichealthagencies[1,26,27].Stateandprovincialagenciesarenotastrusted,primarilyduetopastexperi-encesinwhichthepublicperceivedattemptedcover-upsoffoodsafetycrisesbytheseagencies[1,2,4–6

33、,8,25,28,29].Effectiveriskcommunicationiscriticalinmaintainingpub-lictrustafterafoodsafetyevent[1,2,5,25].Provisionoftransparentscientificinformationtoinformthepublicmaysupportpublictrustinpublichealthagencyaction[5,24,2

34、5,30].Thepublicwantspublichealthagenciestodemon-strateleadershipinfoodsafety[8,27,30].Constituentsarenotconfidentthatpublichealthagenciesarelookingaftertheirhealthandwell-beingand,specificallytheirfoodsup-ply[2,8,30].Con

35、sumersareunabletoassessthesafetyoftheirfoodpersonally[4], andthusneedtorelyonawell-functioningindustrysupportedbyawell-functioningandtransparentregulatorysystem[8,28,30,31].3.2.FoodsafetypolicyreformInOntario,thereisamo

36、vementawayfrommorepre-scriptivelegislationandrequirementsandtowardahealthoutcome-basedandpubliceducationapproachleadingtoa“buyerbeware”phenomenon.TheMandatoryHealthPro-gramsandServicesGuidelineshavebeenreplacedwiththeOnt

37、arioPublicHealthStandards,whichsetshealthoutcometargetsasitsmeasureofpublichealthactivity[32,33].Aself-regulatedindustrydoesnotenjoythetrustofthepublic,asthepublic’sgeneralperceptionisthatindus-trywillnotbeforthcomingwit

38、himportantinformationthatmayimpactitsshort-orlong-termviability[8,19,26].Thepublicbelievesthatanagencycannoteffectivelypro-moteandpoliceitselfsimultaneously[19,26,27,29].Publichealthagencieshavearesponsibilitytoensurecon

39、sumerconcernsaredealtwithinarespectfulmanner[8].Inordertoregainthepublic’strustintheirpublichealthsystemand,moreimportantly,inthefoodthattheycon-sume,policysolutionsshouldincludetransparencyandpublicparticipationinthepro

40、cess[4,5].Deregulatingbasedonincreasingsystemefficiencies,improvingindustryprof-itability[19],ortorespondtopublicpressurewhilenotcompletingathoroughriskassessmentcanbedetrimentaltopublichealth[28].Certainrecentfoodsafety