對笛卡爾式的二元論的兩種批評——萊爾與塞爾心智哲學(xué)比較研究.pdf

1、華東師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文對笛卡爾式的二元論的兩種批評——萊爾與塞爾心智哲學(xué)比較研究姓名：楊曉建申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：西方哲學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：陳嘉映20080501Abstract：DualismhasbecomeatopisofphilosophysinceantiquitywhenphilosophersinancientGreecediscussedaboutpropertiesofP，1，尼五百Thethematiclineculmi

2、natesinDeanima，aconclusiveAristoteliancritiqueofvariousversionsoftheoriesaboutsoulItappearsthatthedualismofSOUlandbodyisacentraltopicofdualismsinancientGreecewhichiScharacterizedwithontologicalinquiriesofnaturesofsoulDes

3、cartesbeginsamodemversionofdualismwhenheinsiststhatmindandbodyarefundamentallydifferentsubstancesbelongingtoworldsthatarenotonlydistinct，butincompatibleinprincipleTheCartesiandualismiseriticizedbvmanycontemporaryscholars

4、especiallyempiricistButsuchcriticismfollows，explicitlyornot，arouteofdenyinganexternalworldindependentofexperienceandthereforelargelyneglectedmistakeslyingmoredeeplyinthedualismofmindandbodyGilbertRyle’Sobjectiontothedoct

5、rineofdualismbyprosinghislogicalbehaviorismHebelievedthatCartesiandualismwasonelargecategorymistakeallincorrectassignmentofthetermsofourcolnlTlon—sensepsychologicalvocabularytoonelogico—linguisticcategoryortypewhenmeysho

6、uldbeassignedtoanotherForRyle，todosomethingwasnottoperformtwoseparateactions—onemental，onephysicalbuttobehaveinacertainwayThelatedevelopmentofphilosophyofmindisgreatlyinfluencedbyandinterwovenwiththatofneuroscienceandart

7、ificialintelligenceJohnSearleisoneofthosephilosopherswhotrytogiveasimplesolutiontotheproblemofdualismHeinsiststhatintentionalityisfunctionofbrainsandisalsoabasisofwhathecalls‘collectiveintentionalbehaviour’uponwhichallso

8、cialrealitiessuchasmonetarysystemsareconstructedThemind—bodyinterationiSthoughtbytraditionaldualismtobeacausalrelationintheSenSeoftwobilliardscollidingoneanotherItseemstoSearlehoweverthatthereissimplynocausalitybetweenmi

9、ndandbodywhatliesthereisnomorethandifferentwaysofdescribingworld：onedescribingintermsofmentalactivityanotherwithneuronactivityThereforeforSearle，thereisnoworldofmindsThefollowingdiscussioniSacomparisonbetweenthesetwophil

10、osophers，RyleandSearle，bothofwhomgivecriticismagainstthehauntingproblemofdualisminrespectsoftimesoftheirownwhichbelongtothesametraditionofanalyticalphilosophybutdistinctinmanysubtlewaysofarguingItseemstotheauthorthatadet

11、ailedinvestigation，whichisattemptedinthisdissertation，wouldbeofasubstantialhelptoillustratethedevelopmentinphilosophyofmindfromthemiddletothelatepartof20Century一Keywords：dualism，categorymistake，dispositionsandoccurrences