專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)骨骼系統(tǒng)

1、2005級(jí)康復(fù)治療學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)第二章骨骼系統(tǒng),羅 秋昆明醫(yī)學(xué)院第二臨床學(xué)院2007-3-13,骨骼系統(tǒng)Skeletal System,contents,New wordsAnatomy reviewPractice,New words,顱骨肱骨尺骨橈骨腕骨掌骨指骨,SkullHumerusUlnaRadiusWrist boneMetacarpalphalanx,New words,頸椎胸椎腰椎骶

2、骨尾骨,Cervical ThoracicLumbarSacrumCoccyx,New words,胸骨肋骨鎖骨肩胛骨,SternumRibClavicleScapular,New words,骨盆股骨臏骨脛骨腓骨,PelvicFemoralPatellaTibiaFibula,1,,5,,3,,7,,6,,2,,4,,New words,跟骨距骨舟骨骰骨楔骨腳掌掌骨,Calcaneus

3、TalusNavicularCuboidCuneiformMetatarsal,Bone marking and formations,Capitulumcapitulum of the humerusCondylethe lateral femoral condyleEpicondylethe lateral epicondyle of the humerusCrestiliac crestFacetthe

4、superior costal facet 肋頭關(guān)節(jié)面,Bone marking and formations,Foramen:孔Fossa: infraspinous fossaGroove: the radial groove of the humerusMalleolus: the lateral malleolus Notch:切跡Protuberance:隆突,Bone marking and formations

5、,Trochanter:轉(zhuǎn)子Trochlea：滑車(chē)Tubercle:結(jié)節(jié)(small raised eminence) 如肱骨大結(jié)節(jié)Tuberosity:結(jié)節(jié)(large rounded elevation) 如坐骨結(jié)節(jié),CLASSIFICATION OF BONESACCORDING TO THEIR SHAPE,LONG BONES 長(zhǎng)骨SHORT BONES 短骨FLAT BONES 扁骨IRREG

6、ULAR BONES 不規(guī)則骨,,,Bone Classification by Shape,Skeletal System: Axial Skeleton,,The Complete Skeleton,Axial skeletonSkullHyoid boneVertebral columnThoracic (rib) cage,Appendicular skeletonLimbsGirdles,Fig. 7.1,Supe

7、rior and Posterior Views of Skull or Cranium,Modified from Fig. 7.2,Modified from Fig. 7.3,External occipital protuberanceLigamentum nuchae: Helps keep head erect,Hyoid Bone,Hyoid boneUnpairedNo direct bony attachment

8、 to skull Attachment point for some tongue musclesAttachment point for neck muscles that elevate larynx during speech and swallowing,Images from Table 7.8,Vertebra,PartsBodyVertebral foramenVertebral archSuperior a

9、nd inferior articular processesArticular facets for ribSpinous process,Table 7.9,Vertebral Column,RegionsCervicalThoracic LumbarSacral bone Coccygeal bone,Fig. 7.13,Cervical Vertebrae,AtlasFirst vertebra‘yes’ m

10、otionAxisSecond vertebraDens or‘no’ motion,Modified from Fig. 7.17,Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae,Modified from Fig. 7.18,Modified from Fig. 7.19,Sacrum and Coccyx,Modified from Fig. 7.20,Thoracic or Rib Cageand Ster

11、num,PartsThoracic vertebraeRibs (12 pair)True or VertebrosternalFalseSternum (manubrium, body),Modified from Fig. 7.21,Points to Remember,Two major components of the human skeleton:Axial skeleton arranged along the

12、 medial axisAppendicular skeleton connects to the axial skeletonSkull consists of:22 bones (single and paired)6 auditory ossicles (3 each side) and 1 hyoid,Points to Remember,Vertebral column consists of:Cervicals (

13、7)Thoracics (12)Lumbars (5)Sacrum (5, fused)Coccyx (3-5, fused)Rib cage has true (bone) ribs and false (cartilage) ribs,Type of bone Fracture,Butterfly Fracture:碟形骨折Closed Fracture:閉合性骨折Comminuted Bone Fracture:

14、粉碎性骨折 Complete Bone Fracture:完全性骨折Compound Bone Fracture:復(fù)合型骨折,Type of bone Fracture,Compression Fracture:壓縮性骨折Fissure Fracture:裂隙骨折Fracture-Dislocation:骨折并脫位Greenstick Fracture:青枝骨折,Type of bone Fracture,Incom