大學(xué)英語四級(jí)新題型翻譯練習(xí)中譯英

1、1紅包紅包，又叫“壓歲錢”，是用紅色信封或紙包著錢的紅紙包兒。紅包，通常是用于中國(guó)農(nóng)歷新年或喜慶時(shí)饋贈(zèng)的禮金。派:“紅包”是中國(guó)人過年的一種重要習(xí)俗。中國(guó)人喜愛紅色，因?yàn)榧t色象征吉祥與好運(yùn)，所以紅包總是用紅色的信封或紙來包。派紅包或給壓歲錢，是長(zhǎng)輩們給未成年的晚輩。據(jù)說，壓歲錢可以袪邪壓祟，因?yàn)椤皻q”與“祟”諧音，晚輩得到壓歲錢，就可以平平安安地度過一生。HongBaoRedPacketisalsoknownas“apacketoflu

2、ckymoney“simply“l(fā)uckymoney“.HongBaousuallyreferstoagiftofmoneyofferedduringtheChineseLunarNewYearothercelebrationsGivingofferingaHongBaohasbeenatraditionalcustomduringtheChineselunarNewYear.Chinesepeoplelovethecolourreda

3、sitisseentorepresentgoodluck.AHongBaoistherefeusuallymadeofredpaper.HongBaosarenmallygivenbysenistotheyoungergeneration.Itissaidthatluckymoneyhelpsdriveawayevilbecauseyearevilspiritsoundalike.Thismeansyoungsterscanprotec

4、tthemselvesthroughtheyear.2北京北京是有著三千多年建城史和八百五十多年建都史的歷史文化名城。它薈萃偽(blend)由了元、明、清以來的中華文化，擁有眾多名勝古跡和人文景觀，是世界上擁有世界文化遺產(chǎn)(heritagesites)最多的城市。北京每年有超過一億四千萬的國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)外旅客。北京城市面積為1.64萬平方公里，常住人口約2000萬。Beijinghasahistyofoverthreethousyearsas

5、acityovereighthundredfiftyyearsasacapital.ItisafamousplacethatnotonlyblendsculturesoftheYuanMingQingdynastiesbutalsoboastsmanyhisticalculturalbeautifulscenicplaces.InfactBeijingnowhasmeculturalheritagesitesthananyotherci

6、tyinthewld.EachyearBeijingreceivesover140millionvisitsfromChinaabroad.Beijingcoverssome16.4thoussquarekilometershasapopulationofabout20million.3中國(guó)農(nóng)歷相傳在4000多年俞的夏朝，即中國(guó)歷史上第一個(gè)奴隸制王朝就幵始有了歷法(calendar)，后人把當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)古老的傳統(tǒng)歷法叫“夏歷”。夏歷是按月亮

7、的運(yùn)趕周期(rotatingcycle)制定的，故又稱作“陰歷”。由于夏歷中有一年四季節(jié)氣的變化和農(nóng)事安排，所以后世又習(xí)慣稱之為“農(nóng)歷”，字面上的意思是農(nóng)事月相日歷(mooncalendar)也就是今天所說的“中國(guó)陰歷”。AccdingtolegendChinasfirstslavedynastyinhisty—theXiaDynastydatingbackover4000yearsagodevelopedthefirstcalenda

8、r.TheancienttraditionalChinesecalendarwaslaterknownasthe“XiaCalendar“.Sinceitwasbasedontherotatingcycleofthemoonitisalsoknownasthe“LunarCalendar“.AstheXiarevolvesaroundfarmingarrangementsbasedontheseasonsitiscommonlycall

9、ed“NongLi“l(fā)iterallythefarmingmooncalendaralsoknownastheChinaLunarCalendar.4中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)婚俗TheFourTreasuresofChineseStudyi.e.brushinkricepaperinkstoneareuniquetoolsofChinesepaintingcalligraphy.Peoplereferthemas“fourtreasures“becau

10、setheyarethefourmostcherishedveryoftenuseditemsinthestudyofChinesescholars.AncientChinesescholarswerebasicallyallgoodatcalligraphypaintingthatiswhythetoolswereinseparabletothem.Thewd“ChineseStudy“firstiginatedfromtheNthe

11、rnSouthernDynastieswhichspecificallymeanttorefertoascholarstudywherethefourtoolswerethemostoftenuseditems.InadditiontothesefourmajitemsothernecessarytoolsftheChinesestudyalsoincludethebrushbarrelbrushholderinkcasebrushwa

12、shinkpadstampssealboxessoon.8中國(guó)四大名園“北京的頤和園、河北省承德的避暑山莊、江蘇省蘇州市的拙政園(theHumbleAdiministrat’sGarden)和留園（theGardentoLingerIn)”并稱“中國(guó)四大名園”。前兩座是北方皇家園林的代表，后兩座是中國(guó)南方水鄉(xiāng)私宅園林的典型代表。中國(guó)園林獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格表現(xiàn)主要有三：一是追求藝術(shù)性地體現(xiàn)大自然，即“雖由人作，宛自天開”；二是注重體現(xiàn)人的意趣

13、和精神追求三是造園手法富于藝術(shù)美。ChinasfourfamousgardensrefertotheBeijingSummerPalacetheMountainRestofChengdeinHebeiprovincetheHumbleAdministratsGardentheGardentoLingerIninSuzhouofJiangsuprovince.Thefmertwoarerepresentativeoftheimperial

14、gardensinnthChinawhilethelattertwoaretypicalprivatelscaperesidencesinwatertownsofsouthernChina.TheuniqueartisticstylesofChinesegardensliesinthreeaspects:Firstapursuitfanartisticreproductionofgreatnaturethatis“Gardensshou

15、ldlooknaturalalthoughmadebyman“.Secondfocusonapursuitofhumanflavsspiritualtastes.Thirdtheimptanceofabeautifulwkofartshouldbeattachedtothewayofbuildinggardens.9.京劇京劇(BeijingOpera)是中國(guó)的國(guó)粹。作為一門古老的藝術(shù)，京劇的服裝(costume)臉譜(facialma

16、sk)更易被人喜愛。不同的服裝類型反映不同的人物身份特征。富貴者的服裝綴滿精美的刺繡；窮困者的服裝則簡(jiǎn)單樸素，少有裝飾(elemental)。臉譜是京劇中塑造人物形象的重要手段，它是用不同的顏色在臉上勾畫出來的。臉譜的顏色讓人一看便知角色的善惡。比如白色代表奸詐(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黃色是驍勇，藍(lán)、綠色多用于綠林好漢(rebelliousfighters)，金、銀色多用于神佛(divinityBuddhism)等.B

17、eijingOperaisthecreamoftheChineseculture.Asatraditionalartfmitscostumesfacialmaskaremepopularwithpeople.Differentstylesofcostumesareusedtoreflectthestatusofdifferentacters.Therearemeembroideriesinthecostumesofnobleswhile

18、thoseofthepotendtobesimplelesselemental.Facialmasksusingdifferentcolsareimptantwaystoptrayaacter.Peoplecantellaherofromavillainbythecolsofthemasks.Ingeneralwhiteusuallyrepresentstreacheryblackrepresentsrighteousnessyello