提高高溫液態(tài)水中有機(jī)合成反應(yīng)速度的途徑研究.pdf

1、浙江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文提高高溫液態(tài)水中有機(jī)合成反應(yīng)速度的途徑研究姓名：李準(zhǔn)申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：化學(xué)工程指導(dǎo)教師：呂秀陽(yáng)20060201浙江大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文⑨AbstractHightemperatureliquidwater，whichstandsforthepressurizedliquidwaterundertheconditionof180～350℃，isalsocalledNearcriticalwaterAstemperat

2、ureandpressuregoestocriticalpoint，thereisadramaticincreaseinionizationconstantItisaboutthreeordersmagnitudehigherthanthatatambienttemperatureandpressure，SOHTLWhasastrongtendencytoionizeandCanactasanacidand／orbasecatalyst

3、Besides，ithasexcellentdissolveabilitysimilartoambientacetonebecauseoflowerdielectricconstantandappropriatedensity，whichcandissolveorganicsubstancetosomeextenttoallowhomogeneousreactioninhightemperatureliquidwaterAsanenvi

4、ronmentallybenignmedium，hi甌temperatureliquidwatercandiscardtheuseoflargetonsofcatalystsandpoisonoussolvent，Meanwhile，Ithasgoodttmability，namelywecfln_designthereactionmediumaccordingtodifferentreactionsystembytuningtempe

5、ratureandpressureAsareactionmedia，hightemperatureliquidwaterhasdrawnincreasingattentionforacidorbasecatalyzedorganicchemicalreactionswithoutanyaddedacidorbaseandextensiveresearchhasbeenpursuedonorganicchemicalreactionsin

6、HTLWHowever，problemssuchasslowreactionrateandpoorselectivityexistforthesenon—catalyzedorganicsynthesesinHTLW，whichhindertheextensiveuseofHTLWinorganicsynthesisThedissertationputforwardtwodifferentwaystospeedupthereaction

7、rateaccordingtotwoacidandbasecatalyzedreaction，namelyintroducingC02orNH3intopureHTLWforacidorbasecatalyzedreactionrespectively，WestudiedthealdolcondensationofbenzaldehydeandacetaldehydeinpureHTLWin05LhighpressurereactorT

8、hepressureWas15MPaandtemperaturewaswithin220～300℃Themoleratioofbenzaldehydeandacetaldehydewas1：57FittingthedatabyArrheninsequationcouldyieldactivationenergyof(643：k59)kJ／reelAldolcondensationofbenzaldehydeandacetaldehyde