考慮需求具有外部性的特價商品訂貨策略.pdf

1、 Ordering Strategy of off-price Merchandise with Demand Externalities A Thesis Submitted to Chongqing University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Master’s Degree of Management By Li Shumei Supervised by

2、Prof. Luo Bing Specialty: Management Science and Engineering College of Economics and Business Administration of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China May 2016 重慶大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文

3、 英文摘要 ABSTRACT With the development of the economy, products are increasingly diversified. The demand of products are not only influenced by its own factors, but also affected by other products. The influence of other

4、 products may increase its demand or reduce its demand. In the circumstances, we call this kind of other products having positive demand externalities or negative demand externalities. Off-price merchandise is a typical

5、product having demand externality. Shopping malls and supermarkets promote off-price merchandise. On one side, it can attract customers increasing other merchandise. As for other merchandise, off-price merchandise has po

6、sitive demand externalities. One the other side, off-price merchandise is cheaper than its substitute, so the demand of substitute will decrease. As for Off-price merchandise’s substitute, off-price merchandise has negat

7、ive demand externalities. Therefore, it is of great significance for maximizing retailers’ sales profit to consider off-price merchandise’ demand externalities and study ordering policies and optimal pricing. Off-price m

8、erchandise has positive demand externalities for other merchandise and negative demand externalities for substitute, which is considered in this paper. The demand functions of three kinds of goods are respectively constr

9、ucted. An EOQ model of off-price merchandise having demand externalities is generated. And then, consumer waiting behavior is analyzed when off-price merchandise is stockout. Consumers are divided into two group, price p

10、reference group and time preference group. And two kind of backlogging rate are constructed. Another EOQ model of off-price merchandise with demand externalities, deterioration and stock-dependent selling rate is generat

11、ed. The retailer’s optimal pricing and ordering strategy is studied through optimal solution analysis and numerical simulation. It showed that in-stock time of off-price merchandise and order quantity of the three kinds

12、merchandise exist lower limit. Whether off-price merchandise can bring more profit need to retailers depends on certain conditions. The average profit is a decreasing function of demand related factor when the difference

13、 in related merchandise’s selling and purchase price is greater than a critical value. Under the circumstances, retailers should increase promotion efforts, make price of off-price merchandise lower, extend instock time,

14、 shorten outstock time, increase order quantity of off-price merchandise and related merchandise, and decrease order quantity of substitute. When price preference group is big, retailers should make price of off-price me