小學(xué)奧數(shù)36個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧及七大模塊腦圖

1、 小學(xué)奧數(shù) 小學(xué)奧數(shù) 小學(xué)奧數(shù) 小學(xué)奧數(shù) 36 36 36 36 個(gè) 個(gè) 個(gè) 個(gè)重點(diǎn) 重點(diǎn) 重點(diǎn) 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧 知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧 知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧 知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧及七大模塊腦圖 及七大模塊腦圖 及七大模塊腦圖 及七大模塊腦圖 一 一 一 一、 、 、 、奧數(shù)知識(shí)點(diǎn) 奧數(shù)知識(shí)點(diǎn) 奧數(shù)知識(shí)點(diǎn) 奧數(shù)知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1．和差倍問(wèn)題.....................................................................

2、................................................................... 2 2．年齡問(wèn)題的........................................................................................................................................ 2 3．

3、歸一問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................................ 2 4．植樹(shù)問(wèn)題..................................................................

4、.......................................................................... 3 5．雞兔同籠問(wèn)題 ....................................................................................................................................

5、 3 6．盈虧問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................................ 3 7．牛吃草問(wèn)題...........................................................

6、............................................................................. 4 8．周期循環(huán)與數(shù)表規(guī)律 ........................................................................................................................ 4 9．

7、平均數(shù) ............................................................................................................................................... 4 10．抽屜原理..............................................................

8、............................................................................ 4 11．定義新運(yùn)算 ..................................................................................................................................

9、.... 5 12．?dāng)?shù)列求和.......................................................................................................................................... 5 13．二進(jìn)制及其應(yīng)用 ...................................................

10、........................................................................... 6 14．加法乘法原理和幾何計(jì)數(shù) .............................................................................................................. 6 15．質(zhì)數(shù)與合數(shù)...

11、................................................................................................................................... 7 16．約數(shù)與倍數(shù).............................................................................

12、......................................................... 7 17．?dāng)?shù)的整除.......................................................................................................................................... 8 18．余數(shù)及其應(yīng)用

13、 .................................................................................................................................. 8 19．余數(shù)、同余與周期 ........................................................................

14、.................................................. 9 20．分?jǐn)?shù)與百分?jǐn)?shù)的應(yīng)用 ...................................................................................................................... 9 21．分?jǐn)?shù)大小的比較 ..................

15、.......................................................................................................... 10 22．分?jǐn)?shù)拆分......................................................................................................

16、.................................. 10 23．完全平方數(shù).................................................................................................................................... 11 24．比和比例..............................

17、.......................................................................................................... 11 26．工程問(wèn)題.......................................................................................................

18、................................. 12 27．邏輯推理........................................................................................................................................ 12 28．幾何面積...........................

19、............................................................................................................. 13 29．立體圖形...................................................................................................

20、..................................... 13 30．時(shí)鐘問(wèn)題—快慢表問(wèn)題 ................................................................................................................ 13 31、時(shí)鐘問(wèn)題—鐘面追及 ................................

21、.................................................................................... 14 32、濃度與配比...........................................................................................................................

22、......... 14 33、經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題........................................................................................................................................ 14 34、簡(jiǎn)單方程...................................................

23、..................................................................................... 14 35、不定方程...........................................................................................................................

24、............. 15 36、循環(huán)小數(shù)........................................................................................................................................ 15 二 二 二 二、 、 、 、七大模塊腦圖 七大模塊腦圖 七大模塊腦圖 七大模塊腦圖 行程模塊腦圖......

25、.................................................................................................................................. 16 幾何模塊腦圖...............................................................................

26、......................................................... 17 計(jì)算模塊腦圖........................................................................................................................................ 18 計(jì)數(shù)模塊腦圖.....

27、................................................................................................................................... 19 數(shù)論模塊腦圖..............................................................................

28、.......................................................... 20 應(yīng)用題模塊腦圖.................................................................................................................................... 21 組合體系腦圖.......

29、................................................................................................................................. 22 4． ． ． ．植樹(shù)問(wèn)題 植樹(shù)問(wèn)題 植樹(shù)問(wèn)題 植樹(shù)問(wèn)題 基本類(lèi)型 在直線或者不封閉的曲線上植樹(shù)，兩端都植樹(shù) 在直線或者不封閉的曲線上植樹(shù)，兩端都不植樹(shù) 在直線或者不封閉的

30、曲線上植樹(shù)，只有一端植樹(shù) 封閉曲線上植樹(shù) 基本公式 棵數(shù)=段數(shù)＋1 棵距×段數(shù)=總長(zhǎng) 棵數(shù)=段數(shù)－1 棵距×段數(shù)=總長(zhǎng) 棵數(shù)=段數(shù) 棵距×段數(shù)=總長(zhǎng) 關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題 確定所屬類(lèi)型，從而確定棵數(shù)與段數(shù)的關(guān)系 5． ． ． ．雞兔同籠問(wèn)題 雞兔同籠問(wèn)題 雞兔同籠問(wèn)題 雞兔同籠問(wèn)題 基本概念：雞兔同籠問(wèn)題又稱(chēng)為置換問(wèn)題、假設(shè)問(wèn)題，就是把假設(shè)錯(cuò)的那部分置換出來(lái)； 基本思路： ①假設(shè)，即假設(shè)某種現(xiàn)象存在（

31、甲和乙一樣或者乙和甲一樣） ： ②假設(shè)后，發(fā)生了和題目條件不同的差，找出這個(gè)差是多少； ③每個(gè)事物造成的差是固定的，從而找出出現(xiàn)這個(gè)差的原因； ④再根據(jù)這兩個(gè)差作適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整，消去出現(xiàn)的差。 基本公式： ①把所有雞假設(shè)成兔子：雞數(shù)＝（兔腳數(shù)×總頭數(shù)－總腳數(shù)）÷（兔腳數(shù)－雞腳數(shù)） ②把所有兔子假設(shè)成雞：兔數(shù)＝（總腳數(shù)一雞腳數(shù)×總頭數(shù)）÷（兔腳數(shù)一雞腳數(shù)） 關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題：找出總量的差與單位量的

32、差。 6． ． ． ．盈虧問(wèn)題 盈虧問(wèn)題 盈虧問(wèn)題 盈虧問(wèn)題 基本概念：一定量的對(duì)象，按照某種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分組，產(chǎn)生一種結(jié)果：按照另一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分組，又產(chǎn)生一種結(jié)果，由于分組的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同，造成結(jié)果的差異，由它們的關(guān)系求對(duì)象分組的組數(shù)或?qū)ο蟮目偭浚?基本思路：先將兩種分配方案進(jìn)行比較，分析由于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的差異造成結(jié)果的變化，根據(jù)這個(gè)關(guān)系求出參加分配的總份數(shù)，然后根據(jù)題意求出對(duì)象的總量． 基本題型： ①一次有余數(shù)，另一次不足； 基本公式：總份數(shù)＝（