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1、聽力教學一直是英語教學中的難點?!胺配浺簦章牐瓕Υ鸢福俜配浺簟钡膫鹘y(tǒng)聽力教學方式既無法調(diào)動學生的學習積極性又收效甚微,以至于很多學生在長期的英語學習中把聽力視為一道邁不過去的門檻,更不用說,達到《全日制義務教育普通高級中學英語課程標準》(實驗稿)的要求,把英語應用到交際實踐中。
筆者在總結(jié)前人成就的基礎上,以圖示理論為指導進行了初中聽力教學的探討。該理論認為,大腦中的背景知識通過增加、調(diào)整和重建影響信息的接受。盡管語言
2、知識、文化差異、生理局限、聽力策略等多種因素都會影響聽力效果,但圖示的自下而上、自上而下、交互三個理解過程會幫助指導、預測、補充和選擇輸入的信息。也就是說,擁有的背景知識越豐富,理解材料就越容易;背景知識被激活得越多,對材料的理解就越透徹。
本文結(jié)合初中英語教學目標和教學現(xiàn)狀,探討圖示理論在初中聽力教學中如何應用的問題。筆者提出重視聽前、聽中和聽后活動的有效性并討論了多種“建立圖示、啟動圖示”的方法,還在此基礎上設計了一堂
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