b詞義的處理

1、第五章詞義的處理Techniques of Translating Words and Phrases,2,課堂互動1：考考你哪句譯文正確 （參考答案）,1. My dogs are killing me. A．我的狗要咬死我了。B．我的雙腳疼死我了。答案B 2. The doctor said to me, “That patient may die of cancer, for all I care.” 醫(yī)生

2、對我說，“無論我如何照料他，那病人恐怕會死于癌癥”。醫(yī)生對我說，“那個病人可能會死于癌癥。”答案B,3,3．She can speak French after a fashion.A．她追求時髦，會說法語。B．她能說一點法語。答案B 4．We cannot pay too high a price for our national security.A．我們不能為了國家的安全而花太大的代價。B．為了國家的安全花再大的代

3、價也值得。答案B,課堂互動1：考考你哪句譯文正確 （參考答案）,4,課堂互動1：考考你哪句譯文正確 （參考答案）,5. Everything doesn’t cause cancer.A．任何東西都不致癌。B．并非所有東西都致癌。答案B。6. Although our country is economically better off than ever before, it has a way to go.雖然我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)

4、比以前有所前進(jìn)，今后仍有很長的路要走。B. 盡管我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況比以前有所好轉(zhuǎn)，但仍有待進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。答案B。,5,7. These brightly coloured stockings are all the go this summer.A．這種色彩鮮艷的長筒女襪，只一個夏天就穿破了。B．這種色彩鮮艷的長筒女襪，今年夏天很流行。答案B。8. The cooking was up to the hammer.A．把飯倒在

5、錘子上了。B．烹調(diào)是第一流的。答案B。,課堂互動1：考考你哪句譯文正確 （參考答案）,6,9. Everything was working very smoothly and I felt on top of the world.A．一切進(jìn)展順利，我感到在世界頂端。B．一切進(jìn)展順利，我感到滿意極了。答案B。 10. There is no provocation for such an angry letter.A．沒有

6、理由寫這樣一封怒氣沖沖的信。B．別寫這樣一封使人生氣的信。C．不必對這樣一封令人氣憤的信而發(fā)火。答案B。,課堂互動1：考考你哪句譯文正確 （參考答案）,小節(jié)結(jié)束,7,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,1. Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain.

7、【譯文】運(yùn)動不但能強(qiáng)心、健肺、壯骨、筋肌，而且還能健腦。2. We shall never see his match.【譯文】他那樣的人恐怕不會有第二個了。,8,3. The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of 10.【譯文】表決的結(jié)果是35票對25票，相差10票。4. The report is thoroughly sourced.【譯文】這項報告的來源很完備。,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意

8、詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,9,5. This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness. 【譯文】這家旅館服務(wù)態(tài)度之好無與倫比。6. She was rather advanced in years for a maiden.【譯文】在沒有結(jié)婚的女孩子中，她年齡算是相當(dāng)大了。,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,10,7. Every one of us poured

9、 forth his expertise.【譯文】我們每個人都充分發(fā)揮了自己的專長。8. I’ll not abuse your hospitality.【譯文】我不會辜負(fù)你的熱情厚誼。,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,11,9. I long for you terribly. The moment we say good-bye and I close the door, my torment be

10、gins.【譯文】我想你想得要命，我們一分手，關(guān)上門，我心里便覺得煎熬。,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,12,10. Our arguments were often brought before our father, and I guess I was either generally in the right, or else a better debater, because the judgme

11、nt was usually in my favor.【譯文】我們往往爭到父親那里去。我想，或者是我總有理，或者我善于抓理，因為評起來通常是我有理。,小節(jié)結(jié)束,課堂互動2：翻譯下列句子, 注意詞性和詞義搭配（參考譯文）,13,課堂互動3： 翻譯下列句子,注意詞匯的基本意義、衍生意義、搭配意義（參考譯文）,1) The sales of the book went deeply into the millions.【譯文】那本書銷售達(dá)

12、好幾百萬冊。2) He is four going on five.【譯文】他（四歲）快五歲了。,14,課堂互動3： 翻譯下列句子,注意詞匯的基本意義、衍生意義、搭配意義（參考譯文）,3) A pound does not go far these days.【譯文】目前一英鎊買不到多少東西了。4) I’ll give you £50, but I can't go any further.【譯文】我可以給你

13、50英鎊，但不能再多了。5) This will go a long way toward world peace.【譯文】這對世界和平將起很大作用。,15,6) A fine appearance and comfort do not usually go together.【譯文】中看并不一定中用。7) She has the qualities which go to the making of a good teache

14、r.【譯文】她具有一個優(yōu)秀教師所必需的素質(zhì)。,課堂互動3： 翻譯下列句子,注意詞匯的基本意義、衍生意義、搭配意義（參考譯文）,16,8) A foreign language will go far towards widening our mental horizon.【譯文】外語會大大幫助我們開闊思想境界。9) What he says goes.【譯文】他說了算數(shù)。10) He made a promise and th

15、en went back on it.【譯文】他許下了諾言，但沒有踐行。,課堂互動3： 翻譯下列句子,注意詞匯的基本意義、衍生意義、搭配意義（參考譯文）,17,課堂互動4: 翻譯下列句子,注意詞義的近似、深化、升華（參考譯文）,1．How they bow to that Creole because of her hundred thousand pounds!【譯文】瞧她們對那個克里奧爾奉承討好的樣兒，還不是看她有成千上萬的財產(chǎn)

16、嗎！（深化）,18,2．The custom had its spring in another country.【譯文】這種風(fēng)俗起源于別的國家。（近似）3．David is swollen in everything, in body and in mind.【譯文】大衛(wèi)真是虛有其表，身體虛胖，頭腦空空如也。（近似）,課堂互動4: 翻譯下列句子,注意詞義的近似、深化、升華（參考譯文）,19,4．The high-ceilinge

17、d room, the little balconies, alcoves, nooks and angles all suggest sanctuary, escape, creature comfort.【譯文】天花板高高的房間，小巧的樓廳，四進(jìn)的斗室，僻靜的角落，這一切都使人聯(lián)想到靜謐的圣殿、遁世避俗的處所和舒適的享受。（深化）,課堂互動4: 翻譯下列句子,注意詞義的近似、深化、升華（參考譯文）,20,5．…and she he

18、ld honour—a cheque for twenty thousand pounds with his signature —quite firmly in her hands. 【譯文】她把她的戰(zhàn)利品——一張他簽字的兩萬英鎊的支票——緊緊地攥在手中。（升華）,小節(jié)結(jié)束,課堂互動4: 翻譯下列句子,注意詞義的近似、深化、升華（參考譯文）,21,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,1．The

19、newspaper claims to be the mirror of the public opinion.【譯文】該報宣稱忠實反映了公眾的意見。2．Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.【譯文】激光在醫(yī)學(xué)中的應(yīng)用仍處于發(fā)展的初期。,22,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,3．But no one forces

20、you to go to sea. It gets in your blood. 【譯文】但是誰也沒有強(qiáng)迫你出海，是你心甘情愿嘛。4．She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. 【譯文】她確實是一個動情的姑娘，不過我不是一個讓感情支配理智的人。,23,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子

21、, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,5．As far as the head goes, at least, she does credit to the educational system pursued at my establishment.【譯文】不說別的，就智力才能而論，她確實能為本校所遵循的教育制度爭光。,24,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,6．He gave

22、up the sword for the plough.【譯文】他解甲歸田了。7．Behind him I see the long grey rollers of the Atlantic at work. 【譯文】在他的身后，我看見大西洋上的灰色巨浪，洶涌起伏。,25,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,8．But, if public dissatisfaction continues

23、to grow, or appears to do so, politicians may conclude that they have to do something, usually in the name of reform.【譯文】但是，如果公眾的不滿情緒繼續(xù)上升，或者似乎將要上升， 政客們可能就會得出結(jié)論，認(rèn)為必須采取行動，而且這種行動通常以改革為名。,26,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化

24、（參考譯文）,9．A mixture of fear of the unknown and fear of disenchantment was tormenting her. 【譯文】一種對陌生人的恐懼和唯恐美好想象破滅的混合感情折磨著她。,27,課堂互動5: 翻譯句子, 注意具體詞義抽象化和抽象詞義具體化（參考譯文）,10．But it is best not to be intimate with gentlemen of th

25、is profession, and to take the calculations at second-hand, as you do logarithms, for to work them yourself, depend upon it, will cost you something considerable. (W. Thackeray: Vanity Fair)【譯文】不過我勸你少和靠這一行吃飯的家伙來往，你需要資料的

26、話，完全可以間接打聽，就像你運(yùn)用現(xiàn)成的對數(shù)表似的就行了。信我的話，倘若自己調(diào)查的話，得花不少錢呢。,小節(jié)結(jié)束,28,1．How do we account for this split between the critics and the readers, the head and the heart?【譯文】評論家和讀者之間，也就是理智和感情之間的這種分歧如何解釋呢？,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,

27、29,2．He has a very satirical eye. And if I do not begin by being impertinent myself, I shall soon grow afraid of him. (Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice)【譯文】他挖苦人的本領(lǐng)特別高明,要是我不先給他點厲害,我就會馬上怕他呢。,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文

28、）,30,3．It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen.【譯文】人們往往對自己說，我過去感情多么豐富，思想多么敏銳，現(xiàn)在不行了。,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,31,4．They exhibited neither the

29、ir glory nor superiority.【譯文】他們既未能爭得光彩，也沒有顯出自己高人一等。5．A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breasts.【譯文】千條漢子能共處，兩個婆娘難相容。,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,32,6．There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in

30、 the character of the terrorists.【譯文】恐怖主義分子的性格是既殘暴又狡猾。7．During the war, he was an embryo surgeon, and joined the mobile medical team.【譯文】在戰(zhàn)爭期間，他是一個初出茅廬的外科醫(yī)生，參加了巡回醫(yī)療隊。8．Honesty pays itself.【譯文】誠實的人從來不會吃虧。,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列

31、句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,33,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,9．“You don’t look like a magician.” “What do I look like?” “A musician.” “I did saw away at a fiddle once.” “You did? Well, what’s the difference

32、what you do so long as you make, you know what.” And she rubbed her thumb in her palm.【譯文】 “你看上去不像一個魔術(shù)師?！?“我看上去像什么？” “像個樂師?！?“我從前拉過小提琴。” “拉過嗎？其實，不論干啥還不是一樣，只要能弄

33、到——這 個?！彼么竽粗冈谑中拇炅舜?。,34,10. In a surprising display of accessibility, Beijing's top leaders have been meeting with almost every American visitor, right down to the lowliest junior congressional representative in town

34、. 【譯文】令人驚奇的是，北京的高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人表現(xiàn)得如此平易近人，他們幾乎會見每位來訪的美國人，其中包括來自小鎮(zhèn)、資歷不深的基層國會代表。,課堂互動6： 翻譯下列句子, 注意原文的語言風(fēng)格（參考譯文）,小節(jié)結(jié)束,35,課堂互動7： 翻譯下列句子, 注意比喻與典故（參考譯文）,1．Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.【譯文】不可過早樂觀。2．I wonder whether

35、 he is a Trojan Horse.【譯文】我不知道他是不是一個內(nèi)奸。3．Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.【譯文】昨天晚上我聽見他鼾聲如雷。,36,課堂互動7： 翻譯下列句子, 注意比喻與典故（參考譯文）,4．He speaks as if there were a frog in his throat.【譯文】她說話聲音沙啞。5．Andrea tho

36、ught her mother’s ideas about dating were old hat.【譯文】安德利亞認(rèn)為母親對交男朋友的看法有點老土。,小節(jié)結(jié)束,37,課堂互動8： 翻譯下列句子, 注意褒義譯法（參考譯文）,1．Common sense and good nature will do a lot to make the pilgrimage of life not too difficult to a light wo

37、man.【譯文】洞達(dá)世情和心底忠厚對于一個風(fēng)塵中人來說，常會使她的人生歷程比較順利。2．The sea adds something to the appearance of Qingdao.【譯文】大海給青島海濱增添了幾分美色。,38,3．You’re the only girl I’ve ever seen that actually did look like something blooming.【譯文】在我所見過的姑

38、娘中，惟有你看上去確像鮮花一樣。,39,4．The boys went back to camp, a good deal awed, but they found there was still something to be thankful for, because the great sycamore, the shelter of their beds, was a ruin now, blasted by the light

39、nings and they were not under it when the catastrophe happened. （Mark Twain: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer）【譯文】孩子們回到露營地,依然驚魂未定；然而他們還是發(fā)現(xiàn)有一件令人慶幸的事情，因為庇護(hù)他們的宿地的那棵大樹遭了雷劈，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全毀了，而災(zāi)難發(fā)生時，他們幸好不在樹下

40、。,課堂互動8： 翻譯下列句子, 注意褒義譯法（參考譯文）,40,5．If you are a man，you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman, you can retort that so are most criminals.【譯文】如果你是男子，你會說大多數(shù)詩人和科學(xué)家都是男性；如果你是婦女，你可以反駁說，

41、大多數(shù)罪犯也都是男的。,課堂互動8： 翻譯下列句子, 注意褒義譯法（參考譯文）,小節(jié)結(jié)束,41,課堂互動9 ： 翻譯下列句子, 注意貶義譯法（參考譯文）,1．There is safety in numbers.【譯文】人多保險。,42,課堂互動9 ： 翻譯下列句子, 注意貶義譯法（參考譯文）,2．When he tossed a much-ballyhooed party in Persepolis three years age

42、to celebrate Persia’s 2500th anniversary, he invited virtually everybody who was anybody — but mostly nobodies showed up.【譯文】三年前，在珀塞波利斯舉行大肆宣揚(yáng)的盛大典禮慶祝波斯建國2500年的時候,他幾乎邀請了世界所有的有名人士，但真正出席者卻大多是些無名之輩。,43,課堂互動9 ： 翻譯下列句子, 注意貶義譯法

43、（參考譯文）,3. Rip was, moreover, a kind neighbour, and an obedient hen-packed husband.【譯文】瑞普這個人是個好鄰居,可天生怕老婆。,44,課堂互動9 ： 翻譯下列句子, 注意貶義譯法（參考譯文）,4.Call me what instrument you will, though you can fret me, yet you cannot play up

44、on me.【譯文】無論你把我叫做什么樂器，你也只能撩逗我，不能玩弄我。,45,課堂互動9 ： 翻譯下列句子, 注意貶義譯法（參考譯文）,5.When I first knew you, I tingled. I would have washed your feet and drunk the bathwater. But when I knew you better, I told myself, Zeftel, it’s a w

45、aste—all this trembling. 【譯文】我頭一回見你便動了心，我愿給你洗腳，甚至喝你的洗腳水。但了解你之后，我便對自己說：“澤弗特爾，白費(fèi)勁——別那么神魂顛倒了?！?小節(jié)結(jié)束,46,1）The house is over against the university.【譯文】那幢房子就在學(xué)校的對面。2）We’re up against all sorts of difficulties.【譯文】我遇到了種種困難

46、。3）The huge waves hurling themselves against the rock broke into clouds of spray.【譯文】猛擊著巖石的巨浪碎成一簇簇的水花。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,1．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義選擇,47,4）The factory has produced 85 000 tons of sugar this year, as against the 60 000 to

47、ns of last year.【譯文】這個廠今年生產(chǎn)了85 000噸糖，而去年只生產(chǎn)了60 000噸。（形成“對照”）5）He saves money against the rainy day.【譯文】他存錢以備不時之用。6）Charge it against my account.【譯文】請把這筆錢記在我的賬上。（表示“用……抵付，兌換”）,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,1．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義選擇,48,7）She dr

48、ew a check against her bank balance.【譯文】她開了一張支票提取銀行存款的余額。（表示“抵消”）8）We must not cross the street against the light.【譯文】我們不能不顧交通信號燈就橫穿馬路。（表示“違反”）9）His appearance is against him.【譯文】他的外表對他不利。（表示“不利于”）10）He was helples

49、s against such forces.【譯文】在這種暴力面前，他感到無助。（表示“在……面前，在……情況下”）,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,1．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義選擇,49,2．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義引申,1) He can mature alcohol electrically. 【譯文】他很快能把酒釀成。2) He had his ups and downs.【譯文】他一生多坎坷艱辛。3) And I have a

50、n uneasy feeling he had something there.【譯文】我有一種不安的感覺，他的話不無道理。4) He was watching me or something for an hour or two.【譯文】有一、兩個小時，他大概一直留神看我。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,50,2．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義引申,5) Theory is something but practice is everyt

51、hing.【譯文】理論固然重要，實踐更為重要。6) In learning English, grammar is not everything.【譯文】學(xué)英語，光學(xué)語法是不行的。7) Dust has a very important part to play in the work of nature.【譯文】灰塵對于自然界的變化起很大的作用。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,51,,8) Is Jane a possibil

52、ity as a wife for Richard? (=a suitable person) 【譯文】簡是做理查德妻子的合適人選嗎？9) I was not one to let my heart rule my head.【譯文】我不是那種讓感情支配理智的人。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,2．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義引申,52,,10) She didn’t think of that the beautiful umbrella

53、 bought the day before should become a Helen of Troy in her family. Because of this she and her husband quarreled for a long time. 【譯文】她沒有料到前一天買的那把漂亮的雨傘竟成了禍端，她和丈夫為此吵了很久。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,2．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義引申,53,,,1）There is some

54、thing behind, I think.【譯文】我看這里面有文章(名堂)。(貶)2) They are nameless nothing.【譯文】他們是些無名之輩。(貶)3) He is really something!【譯文】他真是個了不起的人!(褒),第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,3．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義褒貶,54,,,4) She is as fair as Helen.【譯文】她是個絕世美人。(褒)5) The

55、y predicted the youth would have a bright future.【譯文】他們說，這個年輕人會有一個錦繡前程。(褒),第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,3．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義褒貶,55,,,6) The adoption of the new policies will surely lead to some striking results. 【譯文】采取各項新的政策必將帶來一些顯著成果。(褒)7)

56、 The enemy killed one of our comrades, and we killed an enemy agent. 【譯文】敵人殺害了我們一位同志，(褒)我們宰了一個特務(wù)。(貶)8) There would have been more painful result but for the drastic measures.【譯文】若不是采取了斷然措施，那定會引起更痛苦的后果。(貶),第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯

57、文,3．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義褒貶,56,,9) Mr Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture.【譯文】布朗先生接到作演講的邀請，感到非常榮幸。(褒)10) He thinks himself to be something, but actually he is nothing.【譯文】他自認(rèn)為是個了不起的

58、人，(褒)但實際上他是個小人物。(貶),第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,3．翻譯下列句子，注意詞義褒貶,57,4. 短文翻譯,,,About ten o’clock on the following morning, seedy and hungry, I was dragging myself along Portland Place, when a child that was passing, towed by a nurse-ma

59、id, tossed a luscious big pear—minus one bite —into the gutter. I stopped of course, and fastened my desiring eye on that muddy treasure. My mouth watered for it, my stomach craved it, my whole being begged for it. 【譯文】

60、第二天上午大約十點鐘，我餓著肚子，狼狽不堪，正在波特蘭路拖著腳步行走時，剛好有一個小孩子由保姆牽手走過，把一只美味的大梨扔到陰溝里——只咬過一口。不消說，我站住了，貪婪地盯著那個泥污了的寶貝。我垂涎欲滴，肚子咕咕直叫，全身心地在乞求它。,第五章綜合練習(xí)及參考譯文,58,4. 短文翻譯,,,But every time I made a move to get it, some passing eye detected my purp

61、ose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent, and pretended that I hadn’t been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn’t get the pear. I was just ge

62、tting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me ws raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying: “Step in here, please.” (Mark Twain: The ?1,000,000 Bank-note)【譯文】可是我每次剛一動手想去取它