基于語(yǔ)料的功能語(yǔ)法框架下的名詞化對(duì)比研究.pdf

1、Nominalization is pervasive in English written text．It is SO commonly employedin formal written registers that it has become a signal for formal style writing．Thepresent paper is all introduction to nominalization under

2、the framework of functionalgrammar and a corpus-based comparative study of nominalizations used in academicwritings by advanced English leamers and native speakers accordingly．Generally speaking，nominalization means turn

3、ing a verb，adjective or otherword into a noull，but it is not merely a transformation of word class．It could be comprehended in both a narrow sense and a broad sense．According to AComprehensive Grammar ofthe English L

4、anguage，a nominalization is a noun phrasethat has a systematic correspondence with a clausal predication which includes a headnoun morphologically related tO a corresponding verb．But the correspondence mayalso sometimes

5、be based on a concrete noun and a denominal abstract noun：herfriendship for Chopin-She Was afriend ofChopin. In this sense,nominalization could be derived from adding an affix to a verb oran adjective，or even a direc

6、t transfer from a verb to a noun.Nominalization inEnglish is highly irregular；there are many different suffixes(mostly borrowed fromLatin)and other kinds of changes associated with nominalization such as-ing，-ness，-tion，

7、etc，or sometimes there is no change in word form at a11.But indeednominalization does not happen only in the sense of word class shift．It also concemsthe sentence structure or even the functions of discourse．In order to

8、have a better understanding of nominalization，it is a must to firsthave a clear understanding of Functional Grammar and its Grammatical Metaphor(GM)． In 1985，Halliday publishes his masterpiece An Introduction to Func

9、tionalGrammar,revised in 1 994，in which he gives a detailed account of hissystemic-functional grammar and introduces the concept of Grammatical Metaphor．Traditionally‘metaphor’refers to a word that is used for something

10、resembling that itusually refers to．In grammatical metaphor,the variation is essentially in thegrammatical forms although often entailing some lexical variation as well(Halliday,2000)．Halliday concludes that“Nominalizing

11、 is the single most powerful resource forcreating grammatical metaphor．By this device，processes(congruently worded asverbs)and properties(congruently worded as adjectives)are reworded metaphoricallyas nouns；instead of fu

12、nctioning in the clause，as Process or Attribute，they function asThing in the nominal group.”That is to say,nominalization is a mechanism ofgrammatical metaphor and is often realized、Ⅳith some changes in meaning and in

13、 But on what occasions will nominalization be used?As is stated by Carol S．Isakson and Jan H．Spyridakis(1 995：203)，Verbs denominalized from nominalizationswill cause readers to recall and comprehend more of the passage

14、than theircorresponding nominalizations．If it’S the same with nominalized adjectives that itwould cause problems in recall and comprehension，why are nominalizations SOindispensable in writing process? Nominalization

15、in and of itself is not necessarily a bad thing．Some of thenominalizations are crucial terms for academic discourse．Overusing nominalizations，however, can lead to sentences that are difficuh to read．”(http：//www．tem

16、ple．edu/writingctr/student_resources/nominalizations．htm)It’S overtlyagreed that Nominalization(especially of verbs)is useful in‘jargony’registers for avarietyof(http。//www．1inguistics．ucsb．edu/faculty/cumming/1ing50/jar

17、gon&grammar．htm)，which is widely approved bY various empirical studies(Wang，2003；Liu，2004；Yang，2006；Liu，2007)． Among all these studies，it is obvious that there are different usages of nominalization in different

18、genres．According to statistics，the more formal the genre，the more nominalizations may be used．But what’S the difference between nativespeakers and second language learners in terms of nominalization usage? Therefore

19、the present paper tries to analyze one aspect of the difference ofnominalization usage within the same genre，i.e．，academic discourse written byadvanced English learners，MA candidates majoring in linguistics，and linguists

20、 ofEnglish native speakers．Through the building of a small-size corpus，the author of thepaper is to compare the twelve papers qualitatively and quantitatively． The first chapter is an introduction to nominalization.C

21、hapter Two is an overviewof theories and empirical studies．Chapter Three is the presentation of the theoreticalbackground of systemic-functional grammar and grammatical metaphor．Chapter Fouris an analysis and discussion