聊齋志異六個(gè)英譯本的歷時(shí)性研究—描寫譯學(xué)的視角

1、上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 Chapter One Introduction 1Chapter One Introduction 1.1 A Brief Introduction to Pu Songling and Liao Zhai Zhi Yi 1.1.1 Pu Songling Pu Songling was born into a “l(fā)iterary family” (Huang Youyi, et

2、al, 2007: 28) which was on the decline. Although he exhibited great talent in literature and won certain fame early in his youth, his academic career was full of frustrations. At that time,

3、 the imperial examination was the only way to select talents and to become government officers. When he was 19, he won “the first” (ibid.) in the imperial examination at the county level and

4、 thus became a xiucai. Unfortunately, he never passed the follow- up examination at the provincial level and finally gave up at the age of “50s or 60s” (ibid., 29) due to his failure time a

5、nd again. During his lifetime, he once worked as a “secretary” (ibid.) for Sun Hui, the county magistrate of Baoying in Jiangsu Province and was a teacher “in the country school- room” (Mair

6、 and Mair, 1996: ii) for the rest of the time. Pu Songling was an unfortunate talents who was “overwhelmed by failure” (Huang Youyi, et al, 2007: 29) and it was this failure that made him

7、 a successful author. He was irritated by the darkness and “unfairness of the imperial examination system and official corruption” (ibid.) and at the same time sympathized with “the common peop

8、le’s hardships” (ibid.). He was one of a few feudalistic literati who were really “concerned for the lot of poor peasants” (Mair and Mair, 1996: ii). So he wrote short stories to attack the

9、 society, especially the corrupt government and officials. Besides short stories, he was the author of “over 1,000 poems, over 100 ci (a form of classical poetry), over 500 articles, three pl

10、ays and 15 ballads, as well as books of instruction for ordinary famers” (Huang Youyi, et al, 2007: 30). 1.1.2 Liao Zhai Zhi Yi Zhi Yi is a kind of literary style and has a long history which

11、 dates back to “the beginning of the 3rd century” (Mo Ruoqiang, Mo Zunzhong and Mo Zunjun, 1988: 4). It came into vogue during the “Tang Dynasty” (ibid.). Liao Zhai Zhi Yi, a classical Chines

12、e 上海交通大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 Chapter One Introduction 3volumes and 425 stories” (ibid.) appeared thanks to Zhao Qigao, an official of Muzhou Prefecture. In 1955, Pu’s original manuscript was “photo- printed and

13、 issued by Beijing’s Guji Kanxingshe” (ibid.) and this version includes four volumes and 237 stories. In 1963, Zhang Youhe edited and annotated a version based on “Zhang Xijie’s Zhuxuezhai trans

14、cript made during Emperor Qianlong’s Reign” (ibid.) which was based on Mr. Zhu’s Dianchunting transcript finished in 1723 (Pu Songling, 1979: 1). It contains 12 volumes and 494 stories and was

15、 published by “Zhonghua Book Company’s Shanghai branch” (Huang Youyi, et al, 2007: 36). In 1989, there came “Zhu Qikai’s ‘new annotated’ version” (ibid.) which was published by People’s Literat

16、ure Publishing House and “Ren Duxing’s complete edition” (ibid.) was published by Qilu Press in 2000. This literary classic has won numerous praises ever since its appearance and there even app

17、ears monographs on it, such as “The Complete Collection of Research on Pu Songling (four issues) and Study of Pu Songling (Quarterly, 63 issues)” (Huang Youyi, et al, 2007: 37). Liao Zhai Zhi Yi also

18、had a great influence upon the overseas literary world. According to Wang Lina, among all Chinese classical novels, Liao Zhai Zhi Yi has been translated into the largest number of languages, mor

19、e specifically, more than 20 languages. (Wang Yan, 2008: 214) It was first introduced to Japan as early as 1784. From then on, it had many foreign versions, imitated, adapted, or translated.

20、 One third of “Collection of Strange Chinese Tales” (Huang Youyi, et al, 2007: 38) published in 1906 in Japan was from Pu’s short stories. In 1951, a complete edition in 10 volumes was transla

21、ted by “Tenma Shibata” (ibid.). Later a co- translated version which was published by “Heibonsha” (ibid., 39) appeared. And a complete version in Korean came in 1966. In the mid- 19th century,

22、 it was introduced to the Western literary world. The most influential Russian version was rendered by sinologist B.M. Alekseyev (ibid.). Besides, it is also available in “Vietnamese, French, Ger

23、man, Italian, Polish, Czech, Hungarian, Bulgarian and Ukrainian” (ibid.). Among all these versions, English version enjoys the greatest influence. 1.2 An Overview of the English Versions of Liao Zhai Zhi