市場(chǎng)、生計(jì)與制度_21824.pdf

1、暨南大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文市場(chǎng)、生計(jì)與制度姓名：劉強(qiáng)申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：中國(guó)古代史指導(dǎo)教師：劉正剛20050101摘要由于社會(huì)習(xí)俗和消費(fèi)文化的慣性，清代到乾隆朝時(shí)期酒的消費(fèi)已經(jīng)極為頻繁，酒業(yè)市場(chǎng)丹始成熟，釀酒的規(guī)模也極為可觀，并吸引了大量以此為生者。但是由于釀酒及其造酒曲耗費(fèi)大量的糧食，隨著人口與社會(huì)的發(fā)展，對(duì)日益增長(zhǎng)的民食形成一定的威脅，政府不得不出臺(tái)一些制度對(duì)市場(chǎng)加以規(guī)范和約束。由于這些制度與酒市場(chǎng)以及賴此為生者的利益是矛盾的，針對(duì)制

2、度引起了強(qiáng)烈的爭(zhēng)論。爭(zhēng)論所反映的是各地經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、發(fā)展水平的差異，也顯示了官員為政理念的不同。從爭(zhēng)論可以看出，官員尤其地方為政者的立論是傾向于地方利益的，這與我們傳統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)中央高度集權(quán)的論點(diǎn)是有出入的。經(jīng)過話語(yǔ)的爭(zhēng)論和現(xiàn)實(shí)的較量，制度名存實(shí)亡，市場(chǎng)和民問社會(huì)的慣性占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。關(guān)鍵詞：乾隆市場(chǎng)燒鍋酒禁爭(zhēng)論AbstractBasedonsocialtraditionandconsumptionculture，theconsumptionofli

3、quorsbecamefairlycommoninQianLongperiodofQingdynasty；therefore，liquorsmarketbecamematureandalcoholicbeverageindustrybecamelargescaled，whichattractedalargenumberofpeopletoliveonitHoweverthedistiller’Syeastconsumedamassofg

4、rainsWiththedevelopmentofpopulationandsocietythisindustryendangeredtheincreasingfoodsuppliestosomeextentOnthisoccasion，govemmenthadtoenactsomerulestegulateandcontrolthemarket，whereastheserulescontradictedwiththeprofitsof

5、alcoholicmarketandpeoplelivingonitUnavoidablytheserulesbroughtaboutasharpdebate，whichreflectedthediversityofeconomicstructuresanddevelopmentlevelsinvariousregionsandthedifferentadministerialconceptsofgovernorsFromthisdeb

6、ate，itisclearthatgovernors，especiallylocalgovernorsconcentratedmoreonlocalbenefits，whichdiffersfromthetraditionalargumentationonstrongcentralizationofauthorityTheconflictbetweenrulesandrealitymadetheserulesexistinnameonl