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1、反語(yǔ)以其獨(dú)特的魅力在文學(xué)作品中屢見(jiàn)不鮮,但卻是作品賞析的一大障礙。近幾十年來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者從本質(zhì)、生成動(dòng)機(jī),理解過(guò)程和語(yǔ)用功能等不同維度對(duì)反語(yǔ)進(jìn)行研究,但鮮有學(xué)者對(duì)反語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知過(guò)程進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究。因此,本文基于概念整合理論的視角,將反語(yǔ)研究從靜態(tài)擴(kuò)展到動(dòng)態(tài)研究,致力于剖析反語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知過(guò)程,進(jìn)一步厘清反語(yǔ)的理解機(jī)制。
本文首先探討如何識(shí)別話語(yǔ)為反語(yǔ)。在回顧前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文歸納了反語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)。其中,反語(yǔ)的顯著特征是多層面不相容性,這體
2、現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)境資源作出的判斷與話語(yǔ)命題隱含的信息之間的沖突,它在反語(yǔ)識(shí)別中起關(guān)鍵作用。
其次,本文重點(diǎn)分析反語(yǔ)的認(rèn)知過(guò)程。在概念整合框架內(nèi),本文以錢鐘書先生小說(shuō)《圍城》中反語(yǔ)為個(gè)案研究,分析反語(yǔ)的在線意義建構(gòu)過(guò)程。根據(jù)概念整合理論,合成空間對(duì)輸入空間重新整合,產(chǎn)生新意義。并且,概念整合網(wǎng)絡(luò)的在線信息處理涉及認(rèn)知操作,形成合成空間與背景知識(shí)、語(yǔ)境信息的不相容性。本文研究發(fā)現(xiàn),借助相關(guān)的心理機(jī)制和知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),讀者解決不相容性;正是在解決不
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