現(xiàn)金流量表分析與應(yīng)用外文翻譯--對(duì)現(xiàn)金流量報(bào)表相關(guān)目標(biāo)的量化分析

1、<p><b>　　中文4115字</b></p><p>　　本科畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）外文翻譯</p><p>　　對(duì)現(xiàn)金流量報(bào)表相關(guān)目標(biāo)的量化分析</p><p>　　院（系、部）名 稱 ： 商務(wù)管理系 </p><p>　　專 業(yè) 名 稱：

2、 </p><p>　　學(xué) 生 姓 名： </p><p>　　學(xué) 生 學(xué) 號(hào)： </p><p>　　指 導(dǎo) 教 師： </p><p>　　Quantitat

3、ive Analysis of the Target Related to Cash Flow Statement</p><p>　　With the example of the trend analysis method applied to the cash flow statement, the authors study the quantitative analysis method of the

4、target related to cash flow statement. So the statement user can knows the current and previous financial condition in the enterprises, correctly evaluate the current and future abilities to pay and repay, find out the p

5、roblems in financial affairs, and scientifically calculate the future financial conditions. An adequate, efficient basis is provided for sci</p><p>　　1 Introduction</p><p>　　It was America that

6、 first decided to replace statement of changes in financial position with cash flow statement. Afterwards, U.K., Australia, Canada and many other countries and areas followed. To emphasize cash flow statement and overcom

7、e the shortcomings of statement of changes in financial position, in January, 1987, FASB in America promulgated financial accounting standards announcement No. 95《Cash Flow Statement》 .It requires enterprise to replac

8、e the statement of changes in financial p</p><p>　　2 Cash Flow Statement</p><p>　　2.1 Contents of Cash Flow Statement and Its Compilation Purpose</p><p>　　Cash flow statement mean

9、s statement of changes in financial position compiled based on cash and shows operating activities, investment activities and collecting capital activities of the enterprise on account of flow-in and flow-out of cash du

10、ring a certain period, and shows all aspects of flow-in and flow-out of cash. It is compiled on the cash basis of accounting and belongs to periodic dynamic statement. The basic purpose of compiling cash flow statement i

11、s to provide the information of flow</p><p>　　·The Capability of obtaining net cash flow during the future accounting period;</p><p>　　·The Capability of repay debts and paying dividen

12、d;</p><p>　　·The Capability of raising funds;</p><p>　　.The reason for engendering the difference of net income and net cash flow; and,</p><p>　　·Investment and raising fu

13、nds activities affecting and not affecting cash during the current period.</p><p>　　2.2 Components of Cash Flow</p><p>　　(1) Cash flow-in</p><p>　　There are three chief types of e

14、conomic services flow-in of cash: Reducing other assets except cash adding debts and adding shareholder's right.</p><p>　　(2) Cash flow- out</p><p>　　There are three chief types of economic

15、 services flow-out of cash: Adding other assets except cash, reducing debts and reducing shareholder's right.</p><p>　　2.3 Classification of Cash Flow</p><p>　　Cash flow within a certain p

16、eriod is classified into the following three types on account of the</p><p>　　nature of operation service:</p><p>　　The cash flow of operation activities, the cash flow of investment activities

17、and the cash flow of raising funds activities.</p><p>　　(1) Cash flow ofoperation activities</p><p>　　Operation activities mean the main service of an enterprise and other non-investment activi

18、ties or raising funds activities. It includes:</p><p>　　Cash flow-in of operation activities:</p><p>　　The input of selling goods and providing labour force; the input of loan interest, stock di

19、vidend and bond interest; other input of not belonging to investment activities and raising funds activities.</p><p>　　Cash flow-out of operation activities:</p><p>　　The cash of paying to suppl

20、iers and providers of labour force; the expenditure of salary; the interest to creditor; the expenditure of tax on income and penalty.</p><p>　　(2) Cash flow of investment activities</p><p>　　I

21、nvestment activities mean purchase and selling of long-term asset and other investments without the cape of cash equivalent. It includes:</p><p>　　Cash flow-in of investment activities: recovering loan; sell

22、ing stocks and bonds issued by other companies; selling fixed assets and other productive assets.</p><p>　　Cash flow-out of investment activities: providing loan to other enterprises; purchasing stocks and

23、bonds issued by other companies; purchasing fixed assets and other productive assets (including capitalized interest of asset cost).</p><p>　　(3) Cash flow of raising funds activities</p><p>　　

24、Raising funds activities mean the activities to cause the scale and structure of rights and interest capital and other loan to change. It includes:</p><p>　　Cash flow-in of investment activities: issuing sto

25、cks., bonds and bill; gaining mortgage loans and all kinds of other long-term and short-term loans.</p><p>　　Cash flow-out of investment activities: issuing stock interest in cash; repaying loans; preceding

26、expenditure to creditor (including cash expenditure caused by extended long-term debt).</p><p>　　2.4 Structure of Cash Flow Statement</p><p>　　There are two methods to compile cash flow stateme

27、nt: direct method and indirect method. The structure of cash flow statement compiled by the two methods is different. This article recommends the basic structure of cash flow Statement compiled by direct method and usual

28、ly adopted by enterprises. The basic structure of cash flow statement is composed of three parts:</p><p>　　Cash flow of operation activities. The data needed by this part may be found in B/S (balance</p&g

29、t;<p>　　sheet) and income sheet.</p><p>　　Cash flow of investment activities. The information needed by this part may be found from the change of current asset account, but the true data need to be ad

30、justed on account of income or loss in income sheet.</p><p>　　Cash flow of raising funds activities which may be obtained by analyzing and computing the change of relevant current liability and shareholder&#

31、39;s rights and interests account.</p><p>　　Non-cash investment and raising funds activities which may be discovered in the supplementary statements to show all aspects of important economic activities.</

32、p><p>　　2.5 Compilation of Cash Flow Statement</p><p>　　The information that is needed for compiling cash flow statement includes: beginning balance sheet, final trial balance, other complementary

33、 data,etc. Cash flow statement is compiled on account of the original manuscript.</p><p>　　3 Quantitative Analysis of Relevant Quota</p><p>　　Quantitative analysis of cash flow statement is to

34、compare, analyze and study relevant data of cash flow statement so as to know the financial position of enterprise, find out the trouble in finance, predict the future financial position and provide the basis for scienti

35、fic decision.</p><p>　　The methods of quantitative analysis of cash flow statement usually include trend analysis, structure analysis, rate analysis, comparative analysis and factor analysis. This article on

36、ly recommends trend analysis applied to cash flow statement.</p><p>　　Trend analysis is an analysis method which forecasts future results by studying a number of</p><p>　　continual periods'&

37、#39;- financial statement, comparing relevant program's amount of money and analyzing the increase and decrease of some quotas to judge its trend. Applying trend analysis, the user of statement may know the basic tre

38、nd of relevant program changes, judge whether this trend is advantageous or not and predict the future development of the enterprise.</p><p>　　Trend analysis usually computes trend percentages. There are two

39、 types of trend percentages:</p><p>　　It is illustrated by the cash flow statement of some telecommunication bureau. We compile cash flow statement gathered from 1995 to 1998 of this bureau on account of ca

40、sh flow statements from 1995 to 1998 of this bureau (statement from 1995 to 1998 omitted). The form of cash flow statement and the data of this bureau in 1998 are shown as in Table 1:</p><p>　　Table 1 Cash f

41、low statement of a telecommunication bureau</p><p>　　Enterprise： Year:1998 Unit: Thousands of dollars </p><p>　　Cash flow

42、 Amount </p><p>　　1 Cash flow of operation</p><p>　　Cash flow in:</p><p>　　Cash from sales clients 85890</p><p>　　Other

43、 operation income (12019)</p><p>　　Sub-total f cash flow in 73871</p><p>　　Cash flow out:</p><p>　　Paying suppliers

44、 (40 871)</p><p>　　Paying interests (1 287)</p><p>　　Paying other expenses (19 585) </p>

45、<p>　　Paying income tax (2 546)</p><p>　　Sub-total of cash flow out (25 119)</p><p>　　Net cash of operation

46、 48 752</p><p>　　2 Cash flow of investment</p><p>　　Cash flow in:</p><p>　　Recovery of cash from investment 68 000</p><p>　　Recove

47、ry of cash relate to 18 500</p><p>　　investment activities</p><p>　　Sub-total of cash flow in 86 500</p><p>　　Cash flow ou

48、t:</p><p>　　Equipment purchasing (66 676)</p><p>　　Sub- total of cash flow out (66 676)</p><p>　　Net cash of investment

49、 19 824</p><p>　　3 Cash flow of raising funds</p><p>　　Cash flow in:</p><p>　　Cash from loan 36 220</p><

50、p>　　Cash accepting rights and interests 15 081</p><p>　　Sub-total of cash flow in 51 301</p><p>　　Cash flow out:</p><p>　　Cash r

51、epayed for debts (16 254)</p><p>　　Sub- total of cash flow out (16 254)</p><p>　　Net cash of raising funds

52、 35 047</p><p>　　4 Effects of exchange fluctuations on cash</p><p>　　5 Net increased cash flow 103 623 </p><p>　　The article only c

53、ites the data from 1995 to 1998 to compute the trend percentage by the trend analysis method.</p><p>　　Table 2 The total cash flow statement</p><p>　　Enterprise:

54、 Unit: Thousands of dollars </p><p>　　Cash flow 1995 1996 1997 1998 </p><p>　　Cash income 187 500 203 136

55、 207 752 211 672</p><p>　　Among: cash m- 68 465 70 125 71 532 73 871</p><p>　　come of operation</p><p>　　Cash income of 40 68

56、0 65 421 76 345 86 500</p><p>　　investment</p><p>　　Cash income of 78 355 67 590 59 875 51 301</p><p>　　raising fund

57、s</p><p>　　Cash expenditure 62 233 79 765 91 815 108 049</p><p>　　including:</p><p>　　Cash expenditure 15 908 19 880 22

58、 905 25 119</p><p>　　of operation</p><p>　　Cash expenditure 32 905 40 895 54 690 66 676</p><p>　　of investment</p><p>　　Cas

59、h expenditure 13 420 18 990 14 220 16 254</p><p>　　Of raising funds </p><p>　　The

60、data come from the annual accountant statements from 1995 to 1997(omitted).</p><p>　　We can compute the constant relative with the year- of 1995 as the base period, see Table 3, and Link relative with previo

61、us year as the base period, see Table 4, on account of the total cash flow statement from 1995 to 1998 of this telecommunication bureau.</p><p>　　From Table 3, we can conclude that cash flow of the enterpr

62、ise continuously increases. Cash flow in 1998 was 12.89 percent more than that in 1995，among which the increase of cash income of operation activities was faster than that of general cash income and was 7.90 percent.

63、Cash income of investment activities increases doubly and up to 112.64 percent, which shows the previous investment gradually expires and then cash income of investment activities increases; but cash income of raising

64、f</p><p>　　Table 3 Comparison of constant relative index </p><p>　　_______________________________________________________________________________ </p><p>　　Cash f

65、low 1995 1996 1997 1998</p><p>　　(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) </p><p>　　Cash income

66、 100 108.34 110.80 112.89</p><p>　　Among: cash income </p><p>　　of operation 100 102.42 104.48 107.90</p><p>　

67、　Cash income of</p><p>　　Investment 100 160.82 187.67 212.64</p><p>　　Cash income of </p><p>　　raising funds 100 86.26

68、 76.42 65.47</p><p>　　Cash expenditure</p><p>　　including: 100 128.17 147.53 173.62</p><p>　　Cash expenditure of</p><

69、p>　　Operation 100 124.97 143.98 157.90</p><p>　　Cash expenditure of</p><p>　　Investment 100 124.28 166.21 202.63

70、</p><p>　　Cash expenditure of</p><p>　　raising funds 100 141.51 105.96 121.09 </p><p>　　______________________________________________________

71、_________________________</p><p>　　Table 4 Comparison of link-relative quota</p><p>　　_______________________________________________________________________________</p><p>　　Cash

72、 flow 1995 1996 1997 1998</p><p>　　(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) </p><p>　　Cash income 100 108.34

73、 102.27 101.89</p><p>　　Cash income of</p><p>　　Operation 100 102.42 102.01 103.27</p><p>　　Cash income of</p><

74、;p>　　Vestment 100 160.82 116.70 113.30</p><p>　　Cash income of</p><p>　　raising funds 100 86.26 88.59 85.68

75、</p><p>　　Cash expenditure 100 128.17 115.11 117.68</p><p>　　Cash expenditure of</p><p>　　operation 100 124.97 1

76、15.22 109.67</p><p>　　Cash expenditure of</p><p>　　Investment 100 124.28 133.73 121.92</p><p>　　cash expenditure of</p><

77、p>　　raising funds 100 141.51 74.88 114.30</p><p>　　From Table 4, we can conclude not only cash income of enterprise increases continuously, but also its increase s

78、peed increases progressively. The increase speed of cash income of operation activities and investment activities basically reduce progressively, but cash income of raising funds activities shows a negative increase. Ca

79、sh expenditure of enterprise also increases progressively, whose speed is basically smooth and steady. Cash expenditure of operation activities reduces progressively,</p><p>　　4 Trend Forecast Analysis&l

80、t;/p><p>　　The so-called trend forecast analysis means to use regression analysis method, exponential smooth method and so on to analyze and forecast the statement of financial data, analyze its development tre

81、nd, and this possible development result on this basis.</p><p>　　Trend Analysis also includes trend forecast analysis usually with trend linear equation applies.The equation is: y=a+bx</p><p>　　

82、Where a and b are constant, and x is the period coefficient value which is decided by distribution and made ∑x=0 .For ∑ x=0，the distribution value makes little difference whether the number of the period is odd or even

83、.</p><p>　　When the number of the period is odd, x may be decided as follows:</p><p>　　_______________________________________________________________________________</p><p>　　1990

84、 1991 1992 1993 1994 </p><p>　　x= -2 -1 0 1 2 </p><p>　　When the number of the period is even, x m

85、ay be decided as follow:</p><p>　　_______________________________________________________________________________</p><p>　　79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 </p>

86、<p>　　x= -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 </p><p>　　_______________________________________________________________________________</p><p>　　89

87、 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 </p><p>　　x= +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +10 </p><p>　　The constants a and b may be decided by follo

88、wing formula: </p><p>　　The data are obtained from accountant statements from 1979 to 1998 of the telecommunication bureau (accountant statements from 1979 to 1994 omitted).</p><p>　　Cash in

89、come of operation activities of a telecommunication bureau:</p><p>　　Unit: Thousands of dollars</p><p>　　Cash flow 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 </p>

90、;<p>　　Cash income of</p><p>　　operation activities 26 000 28 753 29 875 31 080 35 780 </p><p>　　Unit: Thousands of dollars </p><p>　　Cash flow

91、 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 </p><p>　　Cash income of </p><p>　　operation activities 43123 45 389 47 100 48 200 49 318 <

92、;/p><p>　　Unit: Thousands of dollars </p><p>　　Cash flow 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993</p><p>　　Cash income of</p><p>　　operation activiti

93、es 50 897 52 310 55 432 58 765 60 581 </p><p>　　Unit: Thousands of dollars</p><p>　　Cash flow 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998</p>

94、<p>　　Cash income of </p><p>　　operation activities 65 300 68 465 70 125 71 532 73 871 </p><p><b>　　SO:</b></p><p><b>　　=</b&g

95、t;</p><p>　　=50 594.8 Thousands of dollars</p><p><b>　　= </b></p><p>　　=2 337.82 Thousands of dollars</p><p>　　then the forecast trend equation is:</p>

96、;<p>　　y=50 594.8+2 337.82x</p><p>　　if the enterprise wants to forecast cash income of operation activities in 1999, then:</p><p>　　y=50 594.8+2 337.82*11=76 310.82 Thousands of dollars&

97、lt;/p><p>　　5 Conclusion</p><p>　　By quantitative analysis of cash flow statement, we can conclude the trend analysis is an analysis method which forecasts the future result by studying a number o

98、f continual periods' financial statements, comparing the amount of relevant programs and analyzing the increase and decrease of some quotas to judge its trend. Applying trend analysis, the user of statement may know

99、the basic trend of relevant program changes, judge whether this trend is advantageous or not and predict the future devel</p><p>　　Joe Johnson and Larry Brown 1999. “Analysis of cash flow statement” the cap

100、 journal; October</p><p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p>　　對(duì)現(xiàn)金流量報(bào)表相關(guān)目標(biāo)的量化分析</p><p>　　本文以適用于現(xiàn)金流量表的趨勢(shì)的分析方法為例子，通過用定量分析法研究與現(xiàn)金流量表相關(guān)的目標(biāo)。所以，現(xiàn)金流量表的使用者可以知道企業(yè)當(dāng)前和以前的財(cái)務(wù)狀況，正確評(píng)價(jià)當(dāng)前和未來投入與產(chǎn)出的能力，找出企業(yè)

101、在財(cái)務(wù)狀況中的存在問題并合理的計(jì)算未來的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。為合理的決策提供充分、 有效的基礎(chǔ)。</p><p><b>　　1介紹</b></p><p>　　美國(guó)是第一個(gè)決定用現(xiàn)金流量表代替財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表的國(guó)家。事后，英國(guó)、 澳大利亞、 加拿大和許多其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)也開始效仿。為強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)金流量表和克服財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表的缺點(diǎn)，美國(guó)的財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì)于1987年1月頒布了第95號(hào)《

102、現(xiàn)金流量表》這一財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的聲明。它要求企業(yè)從1988年7月開始用現(xiàn)金流量表取代財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表。1991年9月，英國(guó)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則委員會(huì)考慮到需要準(zhǔn)備現(xiàn)金流量表的要求，也公布了財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第1號(hào) 《現(xiàn)金流量表》用來要求所有的企業(yè)。國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)委員會(huì)在1992年公布了 1號(hào)《國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》，要求用現(xiàn)金流量表代替財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表。所以，現(xiàn)在"現(xiàn)金流量表"、"股權(quán)債務(wù)聲明"和"損益表"已在

103、世界范圍內(nèi)的企業(yè)中初步形成了新的財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)告制度。</p><p><b>　　2 現(xiàn)金流量表</b></p><p>　　2.1 現(xiàn)金流量表的內(nèi)容和其編譯目的</p><p>　　現(xiàn)金流量表是指基于現(xiàn)金和經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況變動(dòng)表，它運(yùn)用企業(yè)在某階段的經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)、 投資活動(dòng)來計(jì)算現(xiàn)金的投入與產(chǎn)出，并顯示現(xiàn)金投入與產(chǎn)出的各個(gè)方面的關(guān)系。它以現(xiàn)金對(duì)賬

104、單為基礎(chǔ)，屬于定期動(dòng)態(tài)表。編制現(xiàn)金流量表的基本目的是為股東、 債權(quán)人及其他提供現(xiàn)階段現(xiàn)金流入和流出的信息，幫助他們正確地做出評(píng)估，主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面：</p><p>　　未來會(huì)計(jì)期獲取凈現(xiàn)金流量的能力；</p><p><b>　　償債與付息的能力；</b></p><p><b>　　籌集資金的能力;</b><

105、/p><p>　　引起凈收益額與凈現(xiàn)金流量不同的原因。</p><p>　　現(xiàn)階段投資和影響和不影響現(xiàn)金的籌集資金活動(dòng)。</p><p><b>　　2.2現(xiàn)金流的構(gòu)成</b></p><p><b>　?。?）現(xiàn)金流入量</b></p><p>　　主要有3種資金流入量的經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)

106、務(wù)：減少經(jīng)營(yíng)資金、增加現(xiàn)金債務(wù)和增加股東權(quán)益。</p><p><b>　　（2）現(xiàn)金流出量</b></p><p>　　主要有3種主要資金流出量的經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)：增加經(jīng)營(yíng)資金、減少現(xiàn)金債務(wù)和減少股東權(quán)益。</p><p><b>　　2.3現(xiàn)金流的分類</b></p><p>　　因業(yè)務(wù)性質(zhì)不同一定時(shí)期