5%20社會醫(yī)學(xué)英語（一）ppt

1、Reading of Social Medical English,上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)外語教學(xué)中心Foreign Languages Teaching Center,社會醫(yī)學(xué)英語閱讀,Hello Dolly!,Social Medicine,,Dolly the Sheep,Teaching Design,Objective & Requirements 本課教學(xué)目的與要求 通過學(xué)習(xí)課文，讓學(xué)生從英語了解到何為克隆，克隆帶來的科技

2、發(fā)展是什么，有何意義？又面臨著哪些問題？人們（包括專業(yè)人士）對它的態(tài)度怎樣，有何誤區(qū)？另外，這既是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)英語文章，也是一篇英語高級閱讀，因此，在學(xué)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容同時，也要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文中出現(xiàn)的眾多的一流英語表達(dá)。,Focus & Difficulties：Language Points,本課的重點與難點Sentence Analysis and TranslationThe recent news from Scotland I

3、nstitute announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly” has ushered in the Age of Cloning. [最近蘇格蘭研究所發(fā)布了一頭名叫“多利”羊誕生的消息，這宣告了克隆時代的來臨。]句中announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作定語，修飾news；ushered in 義為“宣告；開創(chuàng)”，

4、如：The song of birds ushers in the dawn. [鳥鳴報曉]The French Revolution ushered in a new age.,,Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction –

5、 where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell. [ 來自愛丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個新的個體。

6、],,facilitate v. make it easierE.g. Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle East to Japan.facility n.Practice gives a comfortable facility.嫻熟的技巧來自實踐.Facilities 設(shè)備,設(shè)施,工具educational __; airp

7、ort __; modern kitchen __ Context 各種有關(guān)情況, 背景, 環(huán)境,方面E.g It is in such a context that the military took over.軍方就是在這種情況下接管的.,,issue n. question that arises for discussionThe burning issues of the day當(dāng)今燃眉之急的問題Skirt

8、the real issue回避實質(zhì)問題Get down to issues; settle/ debate an issue; hot issueTo take a back seat is to accept a poorer or lower position; be second to sth. or sb. else.e.g.: During the war all manufacturing had to take

9、a back seat to military needs.,Example,[例句] Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined

10、to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell.,Somatic cell 體細(xì)胞,Example,[參考譯文] 來自愛丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個新的個體。,Analysis on transl

11、ation,[分析] 句中 – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – 是插入定語，起補充說明的作用，此定語句前后兩個破折號有時也可換成兩個逗號或括號，根據(jù)作者主觀認(rèn)識而定。一般來說，如作者認(rèn)為插入定語的內(nèi)容與前面所修飾的內(nèi)容十分的密不可分，則用括號，其次的用破折號，再其次的用逗號。這種插入定語，尤其是較長的、較難的插入定語，閱

12、讀能力不是很強的學(xué)生在閱讀整個句子時可以先跳過不看，而將主句先看完，等理解了主句意思后再回過頭來看，這樣就比較容易理解整句的意思，也能正確譯好整個句子。,Exercise (comprehension and translation),But what is this “right” and can it sit comfortably with the fact that some of our fellow humans are a

13、lready “clones” and do not, in that sense, have a unique genetic identity?[提示] To sit comfortably / well with is to be accepted by; be agreeable to.,Exercise (comprehension and translation),2. It involves the dividing o

14、f an early embryo to let its individual cells grow into complete adults, thus mimicking the natural “cloning” process that results in twins.[提示] The adverb thus is interchangeable with thereby, which is used to introduc

15、e a present participle, indicating a result.,Dolly the Sheep,Teaching Design,Objective & Requirements 本課教學(xué)目的與要求 通過學(xué)習(xí)課文，讓學(xué)生從英語了解到何為克隆，克隆帶來的科技發(fā)展是什么，有何意義？又面臨著哪些問題？人們（包括專業(yè)人士）對它的態(tài)度怎樣，有何誤區(qū)？另外，這既是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)英語文章，也是一篇英語高級閱讀，因此，在學(xué)習(xí)課

16、文內(nèi)容同時，也要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)文中出現(xiàn)的眾多的一流英語表達(dá)。,Focus & Difficulties：Language Points,本課的重點與難點Sentence Analysis and TranslationThe recent news from Scotland Institute announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly” has ushered in the Ag

17、e of Cloning. [最近蘇格蘭研究所發(fā)布了一頭名叫“多利”羊誕生的消息，這宣告了克隆時代的來臨。]句中announcing the birth of a lamb called “Dolly”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作定語，修飾news；ushered in 義為“宣告；開創(chuàng)”，如：The song of birds ushers in the dawn. [鳥鳴報曉]The French Revolution ushere

18、d in a new age.,,Scientists from the private agriculture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual –

19、and created a viable embryo from an adult body cell. [ 來自愛丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個新的個體。],,facilitate v. make it easierE.g. Such a port would facilitate the passa

20、ge of oil from the Middle East to Japan.facility n.Practice gives a comfortable facility.嫻熟的技巧來自實踐.Facilities 設(shè)備,設(shè)施,工具educational __; airport __; modern kitchen __ Context 各種有關(guān)情況, 背景, 環(huán)境,方面E.g It is in such a c

21、ontext that the military took over.軍方就是在這種情況下接管的.,,issue n. question that arises for discussionThe burning issues of the day當(dāng)今燃眉之急的問題Skirt the real issue回避實質(zhì)問題Get down to issues; settle/ debate an issue; hot issue

22、To take a back seat is to accept a poorer or lower position; be second to sth. or sb. else.e.g.: During the war all manufacturing had to take a back seat to military needs.,Example,[例句] Scientists from the private agri

23、culture research station outside Edinburgh have bypassed the traditional mode of reproduction – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a new individual – and created a viable embryo from an adult body ce

24、ll.,Somatic cell 體細(xì)胞,Example,[參考譯文] 來自愛丁堡外的一家農(nóng)業(yè)研究站的科學(xué)家繞過傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式，將一個成體細(xì)胞（跟卵子結(jié)合）繁殖成一個成活的胚胎，而傳統(tǒng)的繁殖模式通常是來自卵子和精子的DNA結(jié)合從而形成一個新的個體。,Analysis on translation,[分析] 句中 – where the DNA from an egg and sperm is combined to form a ne

25、w individual – 是插入定語，起補充說明的作用，此定語句前后兩個破折號有時也可換成兩個逗號或括號，根據(jù)作者主觀認(rèn)識而定。一般來說，如作者認(rèn)為插入定語的內(nèi)容與前面所修飾的內(nèi)容十分的密不可分，則用括號，其次的用破折號，再其次的用逗號。這種插入定語，尤其是較長的、較難的插入定語，閱讀能力不是很強的學(xué)生在閱讀整個句子時可以先跳過不看，而將主句先看完，等理解了主句意思后再回過頭來看，這樣就比較容易理解整句的意思，也能正確譯好整個句子。

26、,Exercise (comprehension and translation),But what is this “right” and can it sit comfortably with the fact that some of our fellow humans are already “clones” and do not, in that sense, have a unique genetic identity?[

27、提示] To sit comfortably / well with is to be accepted by; be agreeable to.,Exercise (comprehension and translation),2. It involves the dividing of an early embryo to let its individual cells grow into complete adults, thu