【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復習）unit 22 environmental protection（課件）

1、Units 22~24Unit 22 Environmental Protection基礎知識梳理詞匯梳理1. ________ vt. 使困住2. ________ n. 生態(tài)________ adj. 生態(tài)的3. ________ n. 顧問4. ________ n. 保護區(qū)5. ________ n. 原則；道德準則6. ________ n. 保護7. ________ adj. 有關的8. ___

2、_____ vi. 反彈,9. ________ n. 巧合________ adj. 巧合的10. ________ vt. & vi. 犧牲；獻出11. ________ vt. 主張；提倡12. ________ vt. 回收利用13. ________ n. 代替品；代用品14. ________ vt. 威脅15. ________ vt. 依法沒收；扣押16. ________ adj. 多變的17

3、. ________ n. 灌溉18. ________ adj. 艱難的19. ________ n. 巨大的災難,20. ________ n. 方法21. ________ vt. 建造________ n. 建設；建造22. ________ adj. 破爛的23. ________ vi. 滑落24. ________ vi. 滑行25. ________ adj. 多山的26. ________ vt. &

4、amp; vi. 逃走27. ________ n. 潛在的可能性28. ________ vt. 采用________ n. 采用,29. ________ vt. 分配；配合________ n. 分配；配合30. ________ vt. 削尖31. ________ n. (生物)進化________ v. 進化32. ________ adj. 成熟的33. ________ vt. & vi.雕刻

5、34. ________ vt. 計算；算出________ n. 計算；算出35. ________ adj. 想得周到的；體貼的________ vt. 考慮,自我校對1.trap 2.ecology； ecological 3.consultant 4.reserve 5.principle 6.conservation 7.relevant 8.bounce 9.coincidence； coincide

6、nt 10.sacrifice 11.advocate 12.recycle 13.substitute 14.threaten 15.seize 16.changeable 17.irrigation 18.rough 19.catastrophe 20.means 21.construct； construction 22.shabby 23.slip 24.slide 25.mountainous

7、 26.flee 27.potential 28.adopt； adoption 29.allocate； allocation 30.sharpen 31.evolution； evolve 32.mature 33.carve 34.calculate； calculation 35.considerate; consider,短語梳理1. ________ 一些2. ________ 超出……的控制；不受……

8、的控制3. ________ 依次4. ________ 引起；導致5. ________ 采取行動6. ________ 在……前面7. ________ 除……以外8. ________ 要求結束……9. ________ 否則；不然10. ________ 結束,11. ________ 代表……12. ________ 永遠13. ________ 掠去；奪走14. ________ 總的來說15. __

9、______ 導致16. ________ 塞住耳朵17. ________ 祝一切順利18. ________ 實際上19. ________ 擺脫；脫離(團體、組織、某種思想體系),自我校對1.a number of 2.beyond one’s control 3.in turn 4.lead to 5.take action 6.ahead of 7.apart from 8.call for an en

10、d to sth. 9.or else 10.wrap up 11.on sb.’s behalf 12.for good 13.carry off 14.all in all 15.result in 16.plug one’s ears 17.all the best 18.as a matter of fact 19.break away from,重點知識探究重點單詞1. trap vt. 誘騙；誘捕；

11、設陷阱捕捉；困??；使陷入絕境；使受限制 n. (捕捉動物的)夾子；羅網(wǎng)；陷阱；圈套；困境；(對付人的)計謀；策略；陷阱She felt she had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.她覺的自己是中了圈套才接受了合同條款的。Thirty miners were trapped underground after the fire.起火后有三十名礦工被困

12、在地底下。,A trap was laid， with fresh bait.陷阱被設置好了，還投放了新的誘餌。知識梳理trap sb. into ... 使陷入圈套；使中計set a trap 設置陷阱fall into the trap of doing 掉進……陷阱avoid the trap of doing 避免掉進……陷阱點津提示trap的過去式和過去分詞均為trapped，現(xiàn)在分詞是trapping。,探

13、究練習Think over again and don’t fall into the ________ of investing all your money in one place.A. trap B. chanceC. accident D. opportunity,【解析】 A 考查了trap用作名詞表示“陷阱”之意的用法。句意:要三思而行，不要把你所有的錢都投資到一個

14、地方，那樣做不明智。而chance是“機會”；相當于opportunity； accident是“事故”，均為干擾項。,2. reserve n. 保護區(qū)；儲存量 vt. 預定；保留large oil and gas reserves大量的石油和天然氣儲存量I have reserved a room in the name of Jones.我以瓊斯的名字訂了一個房間。All rights (are) reserved.

15、保留所有權利(版權所有；不許翻印)。,知識梳理without reserve 毫無保留地a nature reserve 自然保護區(qū)reserve sth. for sb. / sth. 為某人/某物保留、預訂……be reserved for 留作；(專)供……之用in reserve 儲存(1)reserved adj. 保留的；預訂的reserved seats 預訂的座位(2)reservation n.

16、 保留；預訂(房間、座位等)make a reservation 預訂,探究練習It is a good habit of keeping some money in ________， just in case.A. orderB. placeC. reserve D. preparation,【解析】 C 考查了in reserve表示“備用”之意的用法。句意：存起一些錢來備用以防萬一是好習慣。而in ord

17、er是“有秩序”； in place是“在適當?shù)奈恢谩保?in preparation是“在準備的過程中”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗(2011·福建)I’d prefer to ________ my judgement until I find all the evidence.A. show B. expressC. pass D. reserve,【解析】 D 本題考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我寧愿保留我

18、的判斷直到找到所有證據(jù)。reserve“保存；保留”； show“出示”； express“表達”； pass“傳遞；傳達”。根據(jù)句意可知，正確答案為D項。,3. beyond prep. 在或往……另一邊；在或往……的更遠處；超出The house is beyond the bridge.房子在橋那邊。Those results were beyond dispute.那些結果不容爭辯。The switch on the

19、wall was beyond the baby’s reach.墻上的開關小孩子是夠不到的。There weren’t beyond twenty people present.出席的人不超過20名。,知識梳理beyond sb. 為某人所不能理解beyond oneself 精神錯亂；忘形；失態(tài),探究練習Elizabeth has already achieved success ________ her wildes

20、t dreams.A. at B. beyondC. within D. upon,【解析】 B beyond是“超出；超過”之意，與“dream”相搭配，表示“超出夢想之外”。句意：伊麗莎白已經(jīng)取得了超出她的最瘋狂的夢想之外的成功。,高考體驗(2010·安徽)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl， and she has changed bey

21、ond ________.A. hearing B. strengthC. recognition D. measure,【解析】 C 句意：自從薩拉還是個小女孩的時候，我就一直沒見過她。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得(讓人)認不出來了。beyond recognition — impossible to recognize“無法辨認”。,4. advocate vt. 主張；提倡 n. 提倡者；鼓吹者He advocates p

22、ulling down the old house.他主張推倒這所舊房屋。He is an advocate of peace.他是和平的擁護者。點津提示advocate后面可以接名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語，還可以接that引導的賓語從句，從句的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣should do的形式，其中should可以省略。,探究練習People running for president often ________ reducing

23、 taxes.A. advise B. advocateC. plan D. insist,【解析】 B 考查了advocate表示“提倡；主張”后面接doing的用法。句意：競選總統(tǒng)的人們主張減少稅收。advise是“建議”；多用于advise sb. to do的結構中； plan是“計劃”，多用于plan to do的結構中； insist是“堅持”，多用于insist on doing的結構中。,5. thr

24、eaten vt. 威脅；恐嚇He threatened me with a gun.他用手槍威脅我。The strikers were threatened with dismissal if they didn’t return to work.罷工者受到威脅說，如果他們不復工，就會被解雇。知識梳理threaten sb. with sth. 用某物來威脅某人threaten to do sth. 威脅著做某事thr

25、eaten sb. into doing sth. 威脅某人使之干某事threaten sb. out of doing sth. 威脅某人使之不干某事,探究練習His brother ________ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.A. declared B. threatenedC. warned D. cla

26、imed,【解析】 B 考查了threaten to do sth.表示“威脅干某事”之意的用法。句意：他的弟弟威脅說如果她不遵循他的要求的話，他就會把她獨自留在那個黑暗的屋子里。declare是“宣布；宣告”； warn 是“警告”，多用于warn sb. of / about sth.或warn sb. to do 的結構中； claim“聲稱”，均不符合語法要求。,高考體驗(2009·上海)David threat

27、ened ________ his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.A. to be reported B. reportingC. to report D. having reported,【解析】 C 句意：大衛(wèi)威脅說，如果這些損壞沒有得到賠償，他就把鄰居告到警察那去。threaten后需加不定式作賓語，故排除B、D兩項；David與repo

28、rt之間為主動關系，不必用被動形式，故選C項。,6. seize vt & vi. 依法沒收；扣押；抓?。淮?；理解They seized an opportunity.他們抓住了機會。If you don’t pay your debt， your property will be seized.如果你不還債， 你的財產(chǎn)將被扣押。I can’t quite seize your meaning.我不太理解你的意思。

29、,知識梳理be seized of 合法占有；審議……；受理……be seized with 被……侵擾；患；得(病)seize on (upon) 猛撲；襲擊；抓住；利用,探究練習Although he had read the passage over and over again， he didn’t ________ its general idea.A. seize B. holdC. catch D

30、. follow,【解析】 A 考查了seize表示“理解；領會”之意的用法。句意：盡管他已經(jīng)反復讀過這篇文章，他還是不能夠理解文章的大意。其余選擇項均不能夠表達這一含義。,7. means n. ［單復數(shù)同形］方法；方式；手段；工具Scientists are working to devise a means of storing this type of power.科學家們正在為發(fā)明一種能儲存這種動力的方法而工作。Ar

31、e there any means of getting there?有什么方法可以到那里嗎? The quickest means of travel is by plane.最快的旅行途徑是乘飛機。,知識梳理by means of 用……的方法by all means(表示同意)當然可以；沒問題；務必；無論如何；不惜一切地；千方百計地by any means［口］用一切可能的方法或手段by no means決不；一點也

32、不by some means (or other)想個辦法；以某種方法by this means用這種方法,點津提示means是單復數(shù)同形；當means作主語且前面有every， each等表示單數(shù)意義的形容詞修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；當前面有some， all， several， many， few等表示復數(shù)意義的形容詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。,探究練習Cars， buses， trains and ships are

33、common ________ of transport.A. methods B. waysC. means D. manners,【解析】 C 考查了means表示“方式”之意的用法。句意：小汽車、公交車、火車和輪船都是普通的交通方式。method是“方法”； way是“做事情的方式”； manners是“禮貌”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗— Can I come and have a look at your n

34、ew house?— Yes， ________!A. with pleasure B. I like itC. I quite agree D. by all means,【解析】 D 考查情景交際。根據(jù)語境問句是典型的Can I ... 提出祈求而非建議，故不能選A (with pleasure是對建議的回答，“樂意地”)，選項B和C不恰當。 by all means“當然可以(表示同意)”。,8. flee vt

35、. 逃跑；逃走；逃避；消失 vi. 逃離；逃走He then fled down a side road.然后他從旁路逃跑了。Why does she always flee any kind of responsibility?她為什么總是逃避責任?,求同存異(1)flee和escape均可以表示“逃”之意，但是flee強調(diào)“逃離”的動作，而escape強調(diào)“逃脫”的結果。The prisoners were fleei

36、ng in all directions but none of them could escape.犯人們朝四面八方逃竄，但是沒有一個能夠逃出去。(2)escape和run away后面多與介詞from連用表示“逃離某地”；而flee后面可以接from也可以直接接表示地點的名詞。知識梳理flee from ... sb. / sth. to / into ... 從……逃離到……flee to a place 逃到某地fl

37、ee from a place 從某處逃走,探究練習When the war broke out in Iraq， thousands of Iraqi ________ their hometown and wandered about.A. returned B. fledC. left for D. escaped,【解析】 B 考查了flee表示“逃離某地”之意的用法。句意：當伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時，成千上萬的伊

38、拉克人逃離了自己的家鄉(xiāng)四處流浪。return是“返回”； leave for是“出發(fā)去某地”； escape后面接介詞from，表示“逃離某地”。,9. adopt vt. 采納；采用；收養(yǎng)；通過All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.所有三個隊處理這個問題的方法各不相同。They adopted an orphan.他們收養(yǎng)了一個孤兒。The c

39、ommittee adopted the law.委員會通過了這項法律。,點津提示adopt； adapt兩詞詞形相近，但意思不同；adopt“采納；采用；通過；收養(yǎng)”。adapt“適應；改編；改寫”。另外注意它們的名詞在詞形上的差異：adopt → adoption， adapt → adaptation,探究練習After much deliberation， the president decided to _______

40、_ her suggestion.A. adapt B. adoptC. appeal D. adjust,【解析】 B 考查了adopt表示“采用；采納”之意的用法。句意：經(jīng)過仔細的考慮后，總統(tǒng)決定采用她的建議。adapt是“改編；改寫；適應”； appeal是“呼吁；請求”； adjust是“調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)”，均為干擾項。,重點短語1. refer to 提到；涉及；查閱；參考Does your remark r

41、efer to all of us?你的評論是針對所有的人嗎？The teacher referred him to Chapter V.老師叫他看第五章。Refer to the dictionary when you don’t know how to spell a word.不知道如何拼寫單詞時，可以查詞典。,點津提示“查詞典”的表達法consult the dictionary refer to the dic

42、tionary look up sth. in the dictionary知識拓展與refer有關的其他短語：refer oneself to 依賴；求助于refer to sb. (sth.) as 稱某人(物)為,探究練習In his speech he ________ to the great help our country received from the supporters of the world.

43、A. referred B. mentionedC. expressed D. offered,【解析】 A 考查了refer to表示“提到；談到”之意的用法。句意：在他的演講中，他提到了我們國家所獲得的來自世界的支持者的幫助。mention是及物動詞，表示“提及”； express是“表達”，為及物動詞； offer是“提供”，均為干擾項。,2. look ahead 展望未來；預測未來Looking ahead

44、can keep you positive in your life.展望未來能夠讓你在人生中保持樂觀的精神。We must look ahead before we make a decision.我們必須在我們做出決定之前看得遠一點。,知識拓展與look有關的其他短語：look sb. up and down 上下仔細打量某人look after 對……負責；照料；照顧look ahead to sth. 展望未來l

45、ook around / round 環(huán)視；環(huán)顧look at 看；查看；看待look back on 回首；回憶；回顧look down upon / on 蔑視；看不起look for sth. 尋找；期望；盼望look forward to 期望；盼望,look into 調(diào)查；審查look on sb. / sth. as / to be 把……看做……look out (for) 小心；當心；留神look o

46、ver 查看；檢查look round 環(huán)顧四周look through 瀏覽；快速地查看look up 好轉；改善；查閱；查檢look up to sb. 欽佩；仰慕；尊敬have / take a look at 看一看,探究練習用與look有關的短語填空。(1)________ every new word will certainly be a waste of time.(2)She ________ her

47、notes before the exam.(3)She ________ when she heard the noise.(4)Do ________ spelling mistakes in your homework.(5)She ________ as the leading authority on the subject.(6)A working party has been set up to ________

48、the problem.,【答案】 (1)Looking up (2) looked through (3) looked up (4)look out for (5)is looked on (6)look into,3. lead to 導致；引起；通向All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief

49、 being caught.新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)使得小偷被抓住了。,知識拓展與lead有關的其他短語：lead sb. by the nose牽著某人的鼻子走；完全操縱或控制某人lead off 開始做某事lead sb. on 使……誤信lead a ... life 過……的生活take the lead 領先,探究練習We firmly believe that war never settles anything. I

50、t only ________ violence.A. runs into B. comes fromC. leads to D. begins with,【解析】 C 考查了lead to表示“導致”之意的用法。句意：我們堅定地相信戰(zhàn)爭永遠都不會解決任何問題，它只能導致暴力沖突事件。run into是“遇到；遭遇”； come from是“來自”； begin with是“開始于”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗(201

51、1·山東)Look over there — there’s a very long， winding path ________ up to the house.A. leading B. leadsC. led D. to lead,【解析】 A 考查非謂語動詞。lead up to在此處意為“通向”，與path是邏輯上的主謂關系。分析句子成分可知此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾path，相當于wh

52、ich leads up to。,4. apart from 除……以外We had a pleasant time， apart from the weather.我們玩得很快樂，可就是天氣不好。Apart from the injuries to his face and hands， he broke both legs.他除了臉部和雙手受傷之外，兩條腿也斷了。點津提示apart from意義相當于as well as

53、， besides 或except for。,探究練習________ their house in London， they also have a villa in Spain.A. Apart from B. Except forC. Except D. As well,【解析】 A 考查了apart from相當于as well as或besides表示“除了……外；還有……”之意的用法。而except fo

54、r表示“補充細節(jié)內(nèi)容以使整體成立”； as well是副詞短語，此處應該用as well as。,5. on one’s behalf 代表My husband could not be here tonight， but I want to thank you on his behalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前來，我代表他向你們致謝。I paid the money on your behalf.我替你付了錢。,知識拓展與be

55、half有關的其他短語：on behalf of sb. =on sb.’s behalf代表；為了；以某人的名義；為了某人；代表某人in behalf of ［美］為了……的利益,探究練習I am here ________ my parents to give our regards to you. A. on behalf of B. in behalf of C. to behalf of D. for b

56、ehalf of,【解析】 A 考查了on behalf of sb.表示“代表某人”之意的用法。句意：我來到這里代表我的父母向你們問候。in behalf of sb.表示“代表某人的利益”，其余選擇項均為干擾項。,6. break away from 脫離；擺脫Can you break away from old habits?你能夠擺脫舊習慣嗎？Modern music like jazz has broken awa

57、y from the old traditional rules.現(xiàn)代音樂如爵士音樂已經(jīng)擺脫了舊的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則。,知識拓展與break有關的其他短語：break down出故障；(談判等)失??；崩潰；分解；(健康等)垮掉break in 闖入；插話break into 非法闖入；突然開始(唱、笑、哭等)break off 折斷；突然終止；中斷break out 爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生break through 突破；克服bre

58、ak up (with sb.) 粉碎；解散；(學校等)期終放假；斷絕關系,巧學助記,The sun broke through at last in the afternoon．下午太陽終于撥云而出。 The peace talks are said to have broken down．據(jù)說和談破裂了。The thief broke off the rope and ran away．那個小偷掙脫了繩子，逃走了。The

59、 crowd started to break up when the night fell．天黑時人群開始散開了。,探究練習Although the girl is only ten years old， she is eager to ________ her mother’s strict control.A. break away from B. keep away fromC. get rid of D. g

60、et into,【解析】 A 考查了break away from表示“擺脫；脫離”之意的用法。句意：盡管這個女孩只有十歲，但是她非常渴望擺脫母親的嚴格的控制。keep away from是“遠離”； get rid of是“除去”； get into是“陷入”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗(2009·江蘇)— I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have________.— So

61、 am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished upC. divided up D. closed up,【解析】 A 考查動詞短語。break up意為“分裂；分手”，符合句意。finish up“完成；最后到達”； divide up“分組”； close up“倒閉”。,重點句型Given

62、this data， it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鑒于這些數(shù)據(jù)，好像人類活動與正在升高的地球溫度之間的聯(lián)系并不僅僅是巧合。(1)句中given 是介詞，“鑒于；考慮到；倘若”之意；相當于considering， respecting， seeing

63、that或regarding。Given all these disadvantages， our school seems to take measures.鑒于這么多的不利因素，我們學校好像要采取措施。,Given his age， he had done well.考慮到他的年齡， 他已經(jīng)做得很不錯了。(2)it seems that .... 好像……It seems as if / though .... 好像……

64、It seems that they will take action.好像他們要采取行動。It seems as if Bob won’t be coming to the party.好像鮑勃不來參加晚會了。,探究練習________ that you are right， we will have to change our plan.A. Giving B. ConsideredC. Given D. S

65、een,【解析】 C 考查了given表示“如果”之意的用法。句意：如果你是正確的，我們就不得不改變我們的計劃了。,隨堂基礎闖關Ⅰ.單項填空1. — I can’t stand Jack. He is too inefficient!— Nobody is perfect. Try to be ________ to others.A. considering B. consideredC. considerable

66、D. considerate,答案 D解析 答語句意：人無完人，對別人應該體諒一些。considerate“關心的；體貼的”。,2. Everybody was touched ________ words after they heard her moving story.A. beyond B. withoutC. of D. in,答案 A解析 beyond words表示“在言語之外”，即“不能

67、用言語來表達”。句意：聽到她的感人故事后，他們每個人都感動得無法用語言來形容。,3. It was reported that 115 miners ________ in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled out alive at last.A. trapped B. being trappedC. were trapped D. had trapped,答案 A

68、解析 句意：據(jù)報道115名被困在礦井里八天的礦工最后被解救出來了。trapped in the flooded mine for eight days是過去分詞短語作定語修飾115 miners， trap和miners之間是被動關系，且發(fā)生在過去，應用過去分詞表被動和完成。,4. By no means ________ to your parents.A. is this the first time you are lying