【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復(fù)習(xí)）unit 4 cyberspace（課件）

1、Units 4~6Unit 4 Cyberspace基礎(chǔ)知識梳理詞匯梳理1. ______ adj. 人造的2. ______ n. 氣候3. ______ adj. 全球的；全世界的4. ______ n. 洪水 vt. & vi.淹沒5. ______ n. 真實；現(xiàn)實6. ______ n. 病毒7. ______ vt. 影響,8. ______ adv. 快；迅速地 ______

2、adj. 快的；迅速的9. ______ n. 生長 ______ v. 生長；種植10. ______ n. 犯罪；罪行 ______ n. 罪犯 adj. 有罪的11. ______ n. 恐怖分子12. ______ n.& vt. 進攻；攻擊13. ______ n. 混亂；無秩序14. ______ vt. 使猛撞；使撞毀,15. ______ n.& vt. 優(yōu)惠；提供；提議

3、16. ______ n. 娛樂；款待 ______ vt. 使高興；娛樂17. ______ vi. 消失18. ______ vt.& n. 傷害；損害19. ______ adj. 明顯的；顯而易見的20. ______ n. 破壞；毀壞21. ______ adj. 科學(xué)的 ______ n. 科學(xué) ______ n. 科學(xué)家,22. ______ n. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)23. ______ n.

4、計劃；方案；工程24. ______ n. 時髦；時尚25. ______ vt. 幻想26. ______ vt. 建議 ______ n. 建議27. ______ n. 安排 ______ vt. 安排______ n.目的地29. ______ adj. 歷史的；有關(guān)歷史的30. ______ n. 百萬富翁,31. ______ n. 吸煙者 ______ n. 非吸煙者32. _____

5、_ n. 觀光；旅游33. ______ vt. 定居 ______ n. 定居地34. ______ n. 市郊；郊區(qū)35. ______ n. 火山36. ______ adj. 平均的37. ______ adj. 吸引人的；有魅力的 ______ vt. 吸引 ______ n. 吸引力；吸引,自我校對1.artificial 2.climate 3.global 4.flood 5.realit

6、y 6.virus 7.affect 8.rapidly; rapid 9.growth; grow 10.crime; criminal 11.terrorist 12.attack 13.chaos 14.crash 15.offer 16.entertainment; entertain 17.disappear 18.harm 19.obvious 20.destruction 21.scient

7、ific; science; scientist 22.network 23.project 24.fashion 25.fancy 26.suggest; suggestion 27.arrangement; arrange 28.destination 29.historical 30.millionaire 31.smoker; non-smoker 32.tourism 33.settle; settle

8、ment 34.suburb 35.volcano 36.average 37.attractive; attract; attraction,短語梳理1. ______ 實現(xiàn)2. ______ 全球變暖3. ______ 好像；仿佛4. ______ 和……取得聯(lián)系5. ______ 別掛斷6. ______ 做；從事于7. ______ 本人；親身8. ______ 也；又9. _____

9、_ 作為……而著名,自我校對1.come true 2.global warming 3. as if 4.get in touch with sb. 5.hang on 6.be up to 7.in the flesh 8.as well 9.be known as,重點知識探究重點單詞1. likely adj.有可能的Are you likely to be out late tonight? 今天晚上

10、你可能在外邊呆到很晚吧？Do you think it’s likely to rain? 你認為可能下雨嗎？It’s likely that Jane won’t come because of the heavy rain.雨下得很大,簡可能不會來了。,知識梳理sb. / sth. +be + likely + to do sth. ……有可能做某事It +be + likely + that-clause 有可能……

11、求同存異possible, probable和likely(1) possible表示客觀上潛在的可能性,也許實際發(fā)生的可能性并不大。possible一般不用表示人的詞作主語,但若真的要用表示人的詞作主語, possible后接不定式,這個不定式動作的邏輯賓語應(yīng)是句子的主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：,It is possible (for sb. )to do sth. It is possible that從句。It is possib

12、le for us to get from Beijing to Tianjin in less than an hour.我們有可能用不到1小時的時間就可從北京到達天津。It is possible that I might be of some use in that part of the work.在做那一部分工作時,我可能幫得上忙。,(2) probable表示有幾分根據(jù)的推測,比possible表示的可能性大。換句話說

13、, probable的“有可能”,是指有實際的依據(jù)或邏輯上合乎情理。一般不用表人的詞作主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：sth. be probableIt is probable that從句.It is possible that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn’t seem probable.下雨的可能是有的,但天空一片蔚藍,可能性似乎不大。His success is n

14、ot impossible but hardly probable.他的成功并非是不可能的,但是希望極小。,(3) likely強調(diào)表面上看來有可能,與probable意思接近,有時可以互換,但likely常暗示從表面跡象來判斷；probable則經(jīng)過權(quán)衡正反兩方面的理由后而相信某事是真實的或大概會發(fā)生。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：sb. / sth. be likely to do sth. It is likely that從句。I’m h

15、ardly likely to finish it within a week.我不可能在一周內(nèi)把它干完。It is very likely that he will not agree.他很可能不同意。,巧學(xué)助記,探究練習(xí)______, try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.A. If ever B. If notC. If

16、 any D. If possible,【解析】 D 考查省略。句意：如果可能的話，嘗試每天都在同一時間睡覺和起床。if ever“如果曾經(jīng)”；if not“如果不”；if any“如果有”；if possible“如果可能”；D項符合句意。,高考體驗(2010·陜西)Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from back problems i

17、f they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A. likely B. possibleC. probable D. sure,【解析】 A 考查形容詞辨析。句意：研究表明，如果人們長時間坐在電腦前，他們更有可能有背部問題。主語是人，所以不能用possible和probable,而sure表“確定的”意思，不符合題目要求，所以選A，likely意

18、為“可能的”，常用于“sb. be likely to do sth. ”結(jié)構(gòu)。,2. affect vt. 影響(1) 影響;對……發(fā)生作用The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.雨量影響作物的生長。(2) 使感動；使震動She was deeply affected by the news of her father’s death.她父親去世的消息使她深受震動。(

19、3) (病)侵襲;罹患Her kidneys had become affected.她的腎臟受到了感染。,This article will affect my thinking.這篇文章將會影響我的思想。The medicine has little effect on the old man.這藥對那老人幾乎沒有效果。Influenced by a high-school biology teacher, he too

20、k up the study of medicine.在一位中學(xué)生物教師的影響下,他從事醫(yī)學(xué)研究。,探究練習(xí)The medicine has a strong side ______ on our health though it works well.A. affect B. effectC. affects D. effects,【解析】 B 句意：雖然這種藥的功效很好,但是對我們的身體有很大的副作用

21、。have an effect on ...“對……有影響”。affect是一個動詞,而此處需要的是一個單數(shù)名詞。,3. offer vt.提供；出價；主動提出 n.提供；提議；意圖；報價(1)后可接名詞或代詞作賓語,也可接雙賓語,即offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.。如:No food was offered at the party.聚會時沒有提供食品。They offered him 3

22、000 yuan to buy his laptop.他們愿出3 000元來買他的筆記本電腦。,(2)offer后接不定式,表示“主動提出做某事”。如:He offered to drive us to the airport, but we preferred to walk there.他主動提出送我們?nèi)C場,但我們寧愿走路去。Thank you for your kind offer of helping me.=Tha

23、nk you for your kind offer to help me. 謝謝你提供的幫助。,We provided them with board and lodging.我們給他們提供食宿。We are well supplied with foods.我們的食品供給充足。知識梳理offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物offer to do sth. 主動提出做

24、某事offer sb. a lift 讓某人搭便車,探究練習(xí)— Do you have any problems if you ______ this job?— Well, I’m thinking about the salary.A. offer B. will offerC. are offered D. will be offered,【解析】 C 此題考查動詞時態(tài)。在時間和條件狀語從句

25、中,往往用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時,此處需用被動語態(tài),所以C項符合。,4. harm v.& n.傷害Such books do great harm to young people.=Such books do young people great harm. 那樣的書對年青人危害很大。It will harm no one at all. 它絕不會傷害任何人。發(fā)散思維harmful adj.有害的點津提示be

26、harmful to 對……有害=do harm to,知識梳理do sb. harm / do harm to sb. 對某人有害do more harm than good 弊大于利mean no harm 沒有惡意be harmful to 對……有害,探究練習(xí)Too much drinking would ______ our health.A. do harm for B. do harmful

27、toC. do harm to D. do harmful for,【解析】 C 此題考查固定搭配：do harm to“對……有害”,故C項符合題意。,5. fashion n. 時髦；時尚Her dress is the latest fashion. 她的晚禮服是最新式樣。發(fā)散思維fashionable adj. 時髦的知識拓展out of fashion 過時in fashion 流行follo

28、w the fashion 趕時髦come into fashion 成為時尚,探究練習(xí)— Is it the ______ to wear short skirts?— Yes, short skirts are popular with girls.A. fashion B. modelC. example D. type,【解析】 A 句意：——穿短裙是一種時尚嗎？——是的,短裙很受女孩們的歡

29、迎。fashion“時尚；時髦”,符合題意；model“模式；模特”；example“例子”；type“類型”。,6. fancy vt.& n. 想要；幻想；設(shè)想點津提示fancy后跟動名詞,不跟不定式。He took a fancy to the girl next door.他迷戀上了隔壁的女孩子。Fancy her saying a thing like that!你能想象她竟說出那樣的話來!,知識梳理fa

30、ncy (one’s) doing sth. 想象/喜歡(某人)做某事fancy that-clause 想象have a fancy for 喜歡,探究練習(xí)I don’t think my father will fancy______ an idle life like that.A. living B. to liveC. being lived D. to have lived,【解析】

31、 A 句意:我認為我的爸爸不會喜歡過這種空虛的生活。fancy 在此句中作動詞,表示“喜歡；愛好”,和doing 搭配。,7. suggest vt.(1) “提議；建議”,后可跟名詞、代詞、動名詞和從句(從句中謂語動詞用虛擬語氣,即should+動詞原形,should也可省略)。如：John suggested going for a walk.約翰建議去散步。I suggested to him that we (shou

32、ld) solve the problem another way.我向他建議我們用另一種方式處理這個問題。,(2)“暗示；表明”,后跟的從句中謂語動詞用陳述語氣。如：His pale face suggests bad health.他面色蒼白,說明他身體不好。There was nothing to suggest that she wanted to kill herself. 沒有任何跡象顯示她想自殺。,知識拓展su

33、ggest doing sth. 建議做某事suggest sb. / one’s doing sth. 建議某人做某事suggest to sb. sth. / sth. to sb. 向某人建議某事suggest that sb. (should) do建議某人做某事suggestion n.建議；提議make / offer / give a suggestion提供一條建議ask for / call for / i

34、nvite a suggestion征求一條建議at / on sb.’s suggestion根據(jù)某人的建議,點津提示suggestion 作“建議”解,后面跟同位語從句時,以及 suggestion 用作主語,后面跟表語從句時,從句中的謂語動詞均用虛擬語氣。The suggestion that shops should open on Sundays led to a heated discussion. 關(guān)于商店星期日也

35、應(yīng)該營業(yè)的提議,引起了激烈的爭論。My suggestion was that Brown should be dropped from the team. 我的建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊。,探究練習(xí)(1)He came to my class every week, but his attitude ______ he was not really interested in the subject.A. expressed

36、B. describedC. explained D. suggested,【解析】 D 句意：他每周都來上我的課,但他的態(tài)度表明他對這門課不是真正感興趣。故選D項。suggest“表明；暗示”,符合題意；express“表達”；describe“描述”；explain“解釋”。,(2)All I suggest is that we ______ electric wires out of the reach of

37、 children.A. keep B. shall keepC. kept D. be kept,【解析】 A 句意：我的所有建議就是我們應(yīng)該把電線放在孩子們夠不著的地方。suggest意為“建議”時,所引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,表語從句都要用虛擬語氣,即為“should+do”,should可以省略,故A項符合題意。,高考體驗(2009·上海)Bill suggested ______ a meet

38、ing on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having held B. to holdC. holding D. hold,【解析】 C 考查固定搭配suggest doing sth. ,而且此動作還沒有發(fā)生,所以A項不正確。,8. settle v. 定居；安家；解決He settled in the country afte

39、r his retirement.退休后他在鄉(xiāng)村定居。When you have settled down, we will start work.你們已經(jīng)安定下來了,我們將開始工作。發(fā)散思維settlement n.解決；定居點settler n.定居者,知識梳理settle down(在某地)定居下來；過安定的生活；平靜下來；專心致志于(to)settle in / into (使)習(xí)慣于(新工作；環(huán)境等),探究練習(xí)

40、— Congratulations on your moving to the new house!— Thanks. And welcome to visit us someday after we ________.A. break down B. settle downC. put down D. calm down,【解析】 B 第二句句意：在我們安定下來后歡迎來拜訪。break down意思是“壞掉；

41、垮掉”；settle down意思是“安頓下來”，符合語境。put down意思是“放下來”；calm down意思是“冷靜下來”。,9. view n. 景色；風(fēng)景；想法；意見；視野 vt.觀看；看待The lake soon came into view.那片湖水很快映入眼簾。I don’t have a good view of the stage.我看不清舞臺。He views the whole thing as a

42、 joke.他把整個事情看做一個笑話。,知識拓展與 view有關(guān)的其他的短語：get a view of 觀看；看到in one’s view 在某人看來in view of 鑒于；考慮到；由于point of view 觀點；看法hold the view that ... 持有……的觀點view ... as ... 把……看做,The scene of this story is Ger

43、many during World War I. 這個故事發(fā)生在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間的德國。The scenery in the mountains is very beautiful.山里的景色非常美。,巧學(xué)助記,探究練習(xí)The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ______ in many parts of the city.A. look

44、 B. signC. sight D. appearance,【解析】 C 句意：在街道對面晾衣服的做法在城市的許多地方是一種常見的現(xiàn)象。look “外表；神態(tài)”；sign“符號；跡象”；sight意為“情景；視覺；視野”；a common sight意為“一種常見現(xiàn)象”,符合題意；appearance“外表；外觀“。,10. average n.平均；平均水平；平均數(shù)； adj.一般的；通常的；平均的； vt.平均

45、為；均分；使平衡；達到平均水平On average we receive five letters each day.我們平均每天收到五封信。,Although she was rich, she was always in ordinary dress.盡管她很富有,但她總是穿著平常的衣服。It has become common knowledge.這已經(jīng)是眾所周知的了。the average age 平均年齡,探究練習(xí)

46、A new ______ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. A. normal B. usualC. regular D. common,【解析】 C 根據(jù)常識,公交車通常是往返于某一固定的線路,故選regular最合適。regular“定期的；固定的”,這里指“到天津機場的定點班車”。 normal意為“正常

47、的”；usual意為“通常的；往日的”；common意為“常見的”。,高考體驗(1)(2011·天津)He was a good student and scored ______ average in most subjects.A. below B. ofC. on D. above,【解析】 D 考查短語辨析。句意：他是一個好學(xué)生，在大部分科目上得分都高出平均分。below average

48、“低于平均分”；on average“平均”；above average“高于平均分”。,(2)(2010·江西)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200 000, a(n) ______ of 40 000 per year.A. average B. numberC. amount

49、D. quantity,【解析】 A 考查名詞辨析。句意：去年的畢業(yè)生中有駕照的人數(shù)達到了20萬，平均每年4萬。an average of為固定搭配，意為“平均”；a number of“許多”；an amount of“大量的”一般加不可數(shù)名詞；a quantity of既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，但沒有“平均”的意思。故選A。,重點短語1. come true實現(xiàn)His dream will come tru

50、e sooner or later.他的理想遲早會實現(xiàn)。知識拓展與come有關(guān)的其他短語：come about 發(fā)生come across 偶然遇到或找到,come along 進展；對一個目標(biāo)有進步；前進come on 催促；快速運動(常用于祈使語氣)come out 發(fā)行或發(fā)表；發(fā)芽come to 恢復(fù)知覺；達到come up 顯現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；靠近；接近come up with 想出；發(fā)現(xiàn),探

51、究練習(xí)At last, my dream of becoming a doctor ______.A. comes true B. was come trueC. realized D. came true,【解析】 D come true是不及物動詞短語,不能用于被動語態(tài),故選D項；realize 是及物動詞“實現(xiàn)；意識到……”,所以C選項應(yīng)該是was realized。A項時態(tài)不對。,2. as if 好

52、像；好似 (=as though)(1) 在look, seem 等系動詞后引導(dǎo)表語從句。如： She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起來好像年輕了十歲。(2) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。如：She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她愛這男孩,就好像她是他的母親一樣。,(3)as if 還可用于省略句中：如果as if 引導(dǎo)的從句是

53、“主語＋系動詞”結(jié)構(gòu),可省略主語和系動詞,這樣as if 后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。He acts as if (he was) a fool.他做事像個傻子。Tom raised his hands as if (he was going) to say something. 湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angr

54、y. 她匆忙離開房間好像生氣的樣子。,點津提示as if 從句用虛擬語氣的情況：當(dāng)說話人認為句子所述的是不真實的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時,從句虛擬語氣動詞時態(tài)的形式如下：(1)如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反,謂語動詞用一般過去時。You look as if you didn’ t care.你看上去好像并不在乎。He talks as if he knew where she was.他說話的樣子,好像他知道她在哪里

55、似的。,(2)從句表示與過去事實相反,謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”。The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone.那女孩傾聽著,一動也不動,像已經(jīng)變成了石頭似的。(3)從句表示與將來事實相反,謂語動詞用“would / could / might+動詞原形”。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他張開嘴好

56、像要說什么。,探究練習(xí)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.A. breaks B. has brokenC. were broken D. had been broken,【解析】 C 本題考查虛擬語氣。as if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句如果與事實一致,不用虛擬語氣,如果與事實相反,應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。句意：當(dāng)鉛筆的一部分

57、浸在水中,鉛筆看上去好像斷了。實際上鉛筆并未斷,與事實相反,前半部分陳述是一般現(xiàn)在時,因而本句是對一般現(xiàn)在時的虛擬,用were broken。,3. get in touch with ...和……取得聯(lián)系I asked her to get in touch with Henry as soon as possible.我要求她盡快與亨利取得聯(lián)系。知識拓展與touch有關(guān)的其他短語：stay / keep in touch

58、with 和……保持聯(lián)系be in / out of touch with 與……有/失去聯(lián)系lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系點津提示get / lose touch with表示終止性的動作,不能與一段時間連用。,探究練習(xí)How long have you ______ touch with John?A. kept in B. lostC. got D. got in,【解析】

59、 A 句意：你和約翰保持聯(lián)系多久了？keep in touch 表狀態(tài),可以跟一段時間連用,符合題意；get / lose touch with表示終止性的動作,不能與一段時間連用。,4. hang on堅持；抓緊；不放；等待片刻；(打電話時)不掛斷He hung on until the rope broke.他抓緊著,直到繩子斷了。The line is busy, would you like to hang on?電

60、話有人在打,請別掛斷好嗎?點津提示除hang on外,表示不掛斷電話的說法還有hold on, hold the line等。,知識拓展與 hang有關(guān)的其他的短語：hang about 逗留；閑蕩hang back 畏縮不前hang up 掛斷電話hang out 居住；停留,探究練習(xí)— Can I speak to Mr. Wang please?— ______ , please, and I wi

61、ll go and see if he is here.A. Hang on B. Hang upC. Hold up D. Wait on,【解析】 A 句意：——我可以和王先生講話嗎？——你稍等,我去看看他是否在這里。hang on“稍等；不掛斷”；hang up是“掛斷電話”；hold up是“阻隔；阻礙；耽誤”；wait on是“伺候；服侍某人；繼續(xù)等候”之意；均為干擾項。,5. be up to常用在口

62、語中問對方在做什么,從事于；忙于What is he up to?=What is he doing?他在做什么？Where’s that naughty child now? I’m sure he’ll be up to no good wherever he is.那調(diào)皮孩子哪兒去了? 我看, 他到哪兒也做不出好事來。,知識拓展與 up to有關(guān)的其他的短語：It’s up to sb.( to do sth. )

63、由某人負責(zé)/決定(做某事)up to now 直到現(xiàn)在up to ... 達到某數(shù)量、程度等be up to sth. / doing sth. 能勝任某事/做某事,探究練習(xí)— Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?— ______.A. It’s your opinionB. I don’t mindC. It’s all up to youD. Tha

64、t’s your decision,【解析】 C 句意：——我們要不要馬上看藝術(shù)展覽？——看你的了(你決定)。其他選項都不太禮貌。,高考體驗(2009·天津)— Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.— ______.A. I’d love to B. I’m with you

65、 on thatC. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure,【解析】 B 句意：——露出笑臉不僅有助于我們交友，而且還使我們心情愉快?！彝饽愕挠^點。B項表示同意對方的觀點。A項表示欣然接受邀請；C項“由你來決定”；D項回答感謝。,6. be known as 作為……而著名He is known as a famous artist.他作為一個藝術(shù)家而出名。知識拓展與known有

66、關(guān)的其他的短語：be known to 為……所熟知be known for 因……而著名He is known to the police.警方認識他。Beijing is known for the Great Wall.北京以長城而聞名。,探究練習(xí)翻譯句子。(1)北京作為中國的首都被人們熟知。_______________________________________________(2)悉尼因歌劇

67、院而聞名。_______________________________________________(3)眾所周知,他是校隊中最棒的足球隊員。_______________________________________________,答案 (1)Beijing is known as the capital city of China.(2)Sydney is known for the Opera House.(3)

68、It’s known to all that he is the best football player in the school team.,重點句型1. In 1983, there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet; ....1983年,只有200臺計算機連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上,……connected to是過去分詞短語作后置定語來修飾computers,因為co

69、mputers和connect是被動關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于一個定語從句：which were connected to the Internet.,本單元類似的句子還有： Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?=Do you have anything that are planned for Saturday and Sunday?你周六周日有什么安排嗎？planned

70、for Saturday and Sunday 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾anything。Don’t use words, expressions or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge.不要使用只具有特別知識的人才能懂的詞匯和表達方式。The bridge built last month needs repairing.上個月建造的那座橋需要修理。