【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復習）unit 16 stories（課件）

1、Units 16~18Unit 16 Stories基礎知識梳理詞匯梳理1. ________ n. 受害者2. ________ n. 長篇小說家________ n. 小說3. ________ vt. 保護；保存________ n. 保護；儲存4. ________ v. 目擊________ n. 目擊者,5. ________ vi. 發(fā)生6. ________ adj. 原作的；真正的7. ___

2、_____ n. 紀念碑；紀念堂8. ________ adj. & n. 典型的；性格；特點________ n. 人物；角色9. ________ vi & vt. 聚集；采集10. ________ n. 悲傷；難過________ adj. 悲傷的；難過的11. ________ n. 同情12. ________ vi. 爆炸；沖；闖,13. ________ n. 重要性；意義_______

3、_ adj. 重要的；有意義的14. ________ adj. 反常的________ adj. 標準的；正常的15. ________ n. 艱難；困苦16. ________ n. 起源；開端；祖先________ adj. 原創(chuàng)的；最初的17. ________ vt. 使泄氣；打擊________ vt. 鼓勵；激勵18. ________ n. 遭遇；遭受________ vt & vi. 遭受；受

4、苦19. ________ adj. 令人欽佩的；極佳的________ vt. 欽佩；羨慕；欣賞,20. ________ adj. 極為嚴厲的；嚴重的21. ________ adj. 引起麻煩的________ n. 麻煩22. ________ n. 限制________ vt. 限制；約束23. ________ adj. 直截了當?shù)?；坦率?4. ________ adj. 寶貴的；熱衷的25. _____

5、___ adj. 渴望的；熱切的26. ________ adj. 逐漸的27. ________ v. 擴大；擴充________ n. 擴大；擴展,28. ________ adj. 復雜的________ n. 復雜29. ________ adj. 明顯的；顯而易見的30. ________ n. 溫暖31. ________ n. 突破；重大的發(fā)現(xiàn)32. ________ adj. 不確定的33. _____

6、___ adj. 討厭的；令人厭倦的________ v. 討厭；厭倦；厭煩,34. ________ adj. 笨拙的；難看的35. ________ adj. 緊張的36. ________ vi & vt. 鼓掌37. ________ adj. 頭暈目眩的38. ________ vt. 放棄；遺棄,自我校對1. victim 2. novelist; novel 3. preserve; preserv

7、ation 4. witness; witness 5. occur 6. authentic 7. monument 8. characteristic; character 9. gather 10. sorrow; sorrowful 11. sympathy 12. burst 13. significance; significant 14. abnormal; normal 15. hardsh

8、ip 16. origin; original 17. discourage; encourage 18. suffering; suffer 19. admirable; admire 20. severe 21. troublesome; trouble,22. restriction; restrict 23. straightforward 24. precious 25. eager 26. grad

9、ual 27. expand; expansion 28. complex; complexity 29. apparent 30. warmth 31. breakthrough 32. uncertain 33. tiresome; tire 34. awkward 35. tense 36. applaud 37. dizzy 38. abandon,短語梳理1. ________ 出現(xiàn)2. _

10、_______ 從前3. ________ 堵??；封鎖4. ________ 從某種程度上來說5. ________ 側(cè)身6. ________ 在去……的路上7. ________ 斷絕關(guān)系；分成小部分8. ________ 既然；由于9. ________ 以……命名,10. ________ 偶然遇見11. ________ 支撐起12. ________ 依靠13. ________ 理解；弄清楚；算出來1

11、4. ________ 以……結(jié)束；以……告終15. ________ 特別；尤其是,自我校對1. come into view 2. once upon a time 3. block out 4. in a way 5. on one’s side 6. on one’s way to 7. split up 8. now that 9. name after 10. come across 11. hol

12、d up 12. count on 13. figure out 14. end up 15. in particular,重點知識探究重點單詞1. abandon vt. 放棄；遺棄 n. 放縱Jackson has abandoned his old car.杰克遜把他那輛舊車扔了。I’m sorry I abandoned you like that.很抱歉我那樣突然拋下你走了。We will never

13、abandon our principles.我們應該堅持原則。People were shouting and cheering with abandon.人們興高采烈，縱情歡呼。,知識梳理with abandon 縱情地；放任地abandon oneself to 沉湎于;陷入abandon doing sth. 放棄做某事,巧學助記,探究練習Because they were fearing further at

14、tacks, most of the population had ________ the city.A. expanded B. abandonedC. fled D. escaped,【解析】 B 考查動詞辨析。abandon表示“拋棄；遺棄”。而expand是“擴展”；flee和escape表示“逃跑”時是不及物動詞，后面應該接介詞from，再接賓語；用作“逃避”之意時是及物動詞。,2. preserve v

15、t. 保護；保存We must preserve our natural resources.我們必須保護自然資源。The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.成立這個協(xié)會是為了保護瀕危動物不至于滅絕。The vase has been preserved intact.這個花瓶保存地完好無損。,發(fā)散思維preserved ad

16、j. 受到保護的preservation n. 保護；保存,探究練習Unfortunately, many peacekeepers, who are devoted to ________ peace in Haiti lost their lives in the earthquake.A. sparing B. reservingC. protecting D. preserving,【解析】 D 句意：不

17、幸地是，許多在海地致力于維護和平的維和人員在這次地震中喪生。spare“擠出；勻出”；reserve“保留；預定”；protect“保護”，preserve peace“維護和平”，符合句意。,3. witness v. 目擊；作證 n. 目擊者；見證人She was a witness of the incident. 她是事件的目擊者。He gave witness on behalf of an accused person

18、.他為被告作證。I witnessed the accident. 我親眼目睹了這場事故。No one could witness that he was present.沒有人能證明他在現(xiàn)場。,知識梳理witness for 作證；為……作證witness against 作不利于……的證詞witness to 為……作證；出庭證明in witness of 作為……的證明,巧學助記,探究練習The boo

19、k was written in 1946, since when the education system ________ great changes.A. witnessed B. has witnessedC. had witnessed D. saw,【解析】 B 由句中的時間狀語since ... 可知，此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B項。witness表示“見證”之意，相當于see。,4. occur vi

20、. 發(fā)生；存在;被想起；被想到；浮現(xiàn)(+to)I hope this won’t occur again.我希望不要再發(fā)生這種事情。The word “gratitude” did not occur in his words.“感激”兩字在他的話中是見不到的。Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. 這一地區(qū)經(jīng)常發(fā)生地震。Do giraffes occur in Africa

21、only?長頸鹿是不是只在非洲才有?It occurred to me to visit my teacher.我想到要去看看我的老師。,知識梳理sth. occur to sb. 某人突然想到某物It occurs / occurred to sb. that 從句 ……的念頭突然浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中,探究練習— Why are you so late?— I was on the way when it ________

22、 to me that I had left my notebook home, so I had to fetch it.A. occurred B. hitC. happened D. reminded,【解析】 A 考查了sth. occur to sb. 表示“某人突然想到某事”之意。句意：當我在路上的時候，我突然想到我把我的筆記本忘到家里了，所以我不得不回家去拿。hit“擊中”； happen“發(fā)生”； re

23、mind“提醒”，均為干擾項。,5. tremble vi. 顫抖；發(fā)抖 n. 震顫；發(fā)抖；震動The room is warm now, but he is still trembling.房間里現(xiàn)在暖和了,但他仍然哆嗦。There was a tremble in her voice. 她聲音顫抖。His voice trembled with anger. 他的聲音因憤怒而發(fā)抖。,探究練習When he came o

24、ut of the water, he was ________ with cold.A. shaking B. wavingC. trembling D. declining,【解析】 C 考查了tremble表示“顫抖；發(fā)抖”之意的用法。句意：當他從水中出來時，渾身凍得發(fā)抖。 shake“搖晃”； wave“揮動”； decline“下降；下滑”，均為干擾項。,6. burst vi. & vt. &am

25、p; n. 爆炸；沖；闖；破裂；突發(fā)The dam burst under the weight of water.那水壩在水的壓力下決口了。The town is bursting with tourists.鎮(zhèn)上到處都是游客。Don’t burst into my bedroom without knocking. 不要不敲門就闖進我的臥室來。They all burst out laughing at the exp

26、ression on her face.看到她的表情，他們都大笑起來。Hearing the news, the students burst out shouting.一聽到這一消息，所有的學生都大叫起來。,知識梳理be bursting with 充滿burst into / out of 突然沖進/沖出burst into laughter / tears 突然大笑/大哭起來burst out doing 突

27、然開始做……點津提示burst into 和burst out 都可以表示“突然干某事”；但是burst into 后面接名詞;而burst out 后面接動名詞。,巧學助記,探究練習On hearing the bad news, the student ________ crying suddenly.A. burst out of B. burst outC. got into D. knocked into,

28、【解析】 B 考查了burst out doing 表示“突然干某事”之意的用法。burst out of“突然從……中沖出來”之意； get into “進入”； knock into“撞上”之意，均不符合句意。,7. discourage vt. 使泄氣；使灰心He is never discouraged by difficulties.他從沒因困難而泄氣。He discouraged me from doing so.

29、他勸阻我不要那樣做。His parents are trying to discourage him from being an actor.他的父母竭力試圖阻止他當演員。,發(fā)散思維discouraging adj. 令人泄氣的discouraged adj. 泄氣的；灰心的discouragement n. 泄氣；灰心encourage vt. 激勵；鼓舞encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的；激勵人的enco

30、uraged adj. 受到鼓舞的encouragement n. 鼓舞；激勵,知識梳理discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事；打消某人干某事的念頭be / get discouraged 變得灰心；泄氣encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人干某事,探究練習He tried all the means to ________ his daughter ______

31、__ the unreasonable deed.A. encourage; to do B. discourage; from doingC. encourage; from doing D. discourage; to do,【解析】 B 考查了discourage sb. from doing sth.表示“阻止某人干某事；打消某人干某事的念頭”之意的用法。句意：他嘗試了一切方法想打消他女兒做不明智事情的行為。,8.

32、 particularly adv. 特別地；特定地He isn’t particularly clever but he is very industrious.他并不特別聰明但是特別勤奮。I am particularly fond of this book. 我特別喜愛這本書。,探究練習These books will be ________ helpful to those who wish to improve th

33、eir English.A. exactly B. particularlyC. generally D. honestly,【解析】 B 考查了particularly表示“特別地；尤其地”之意的用法，修飾形容詞helpful。句意：我認為這些書對于那些渴望提高英語成績的學生來說將會特別有用處。exactly是“確切地；恰當?shù)亍?；generally是“通常地；一般地”；honestly是“誠實地”，均為干擾項。,9.

34、expand v. 擴大；擴充The ranks of the teachers are constantly expanding.教師隊伍日益擴大了。The petals of many flowers expand in the sunshine.許多花瓣在陽光下綻放。,巧學助記,探究練習As children grow older, they ________ their interests and become mor

35、e confident.A. extend B. expandC. enlarge D. increase,【解析】 B 考查了及物動詞expand表示“擴展；擴充”之意的用法。extend是“延伸；伸張”；enlarge是“使變大”；increase是“增加”，均不符合語境。句意：隨著孩子們的年齡的增長，他們的興趣會變廣，而且也會更加地自信。,重點短語1. knock over 撞倒；撞翻;使某人驚奇Comin

36、g too fast down the road, I knocked over a child on a bicycle.由于車開得太快,我把一個騎自行車的小孩撞倒了。He was knocked over by a motorbike when he was crossing the street.當他過馬路時，被一輛摩托車撞倒了。The unexpected news fairly knocked me over.那意外

37、的消息著實使我吃了一驚。,知識拓展與knock有關(guān)的其他短語：knock at / on 敲門knock down 打(撞)倒;駁倒；拆除；拆開knock in (把釘子)釘入knock into 把(某種知識)灌輸給……；與……相撞knock it off ［美俚］住嘴! 別吵了! 住手;別胡鬧了knock off 敲掉;擊倒；下班休息;罷工knock oneself out 把自己弄得精疲力竭;盡最大努力

38、knock out 敲出；敲空(煙灰等)；擊倒；打昏knock over 弄翻；打倒knock through 把(兩個房間的隔墻)拆除；打通knock up 敲門叫醒；趕做;匆匆安排,探究練習用與knock有關(guān)的短語填空。(1) He ________ the challenger in the first round.(2) I am sorry. I have ________ the glass and b

39、roken it.(3) The portable device easily ________.(4) The little boy was ________ by the big student.(5) I don’t know who is ________ the door.,【答案】 (1) knocked down (2) knocked off (3) knocks down (4)knocked over

40、/ down (5)knocking at / on,2. in a way 從某種程度上In a way, it is good to be working alone.從某種程度上來說，獨自一個人干活很不錯。In a way, it was one of our biggest mistakes.從某種程度上說，這是我們所犯的最大的錯誤之一。,知識拓展與way有關(guān)的其他短語：on the way 在路上；即將來臨i

41、n the way 擋道；礙事in no way 決不；無論如何都不in some ways 在某些方面in one way 在某一方面by the way 順便說一下by way of 經(jīng)由；取道m(xù)ake one’s way to ... 在去……的路上,探究練習________ I can see what you mean, even though I don’t share your opinion.

42、A. In a way B. On the wayC. By the way D. In the way,【解析】 A 考查了in a way表示“從某種程度上”之意的用法。句意：盡管我的看法和你不一樣，從某種程度上來說，我明白你的意思。on the way是“在路上”； by the way是“順便問一下”； in the way是“擋道”。,3. come across 偶然遇到；邂逅I came across

43、him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上無意中碰到了他。I came across an old photo taken when I was 8 years old. 我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張我8歲時照的照片。,知識拓展與come有關(guān)的其他短語：come about 發(fā)生come across 偶然碰見;無意中找到come alive 活躍起來;顯得像真的似的come along 一起來；一

44、道走;同意；贊成come and go 來來往往;作短暫訪問;變化不定come at 攻擊；撲向;達到;得到come between 在……中間;離間;使分開come by 經(jīng)過；從旁邊過去；來串門；拜訪,come of 出身于;由……引起;是……的結(jié)果come off (從……)離開；走開；從……跌下；分離；脫落come on 偶然遇見(某人)；來臨；襲來come upon 偶然遇見(某人)；來臨；襲來c

45、ome out 出來；出現(xiàn)；(芽)生出來；(花)開；出版come to 達到；總計為;終于;結(jié)果是;蘇醒(過來)come to oneself (昏迷后)蘇醒過來come up 走近;上(樓)來come up with 提出(建議)come with 伴隨……發(fā)生;與……一起供給,探究練習That day I ________ my best friend in the street who had been to

46、 America since he graduated from the university.A. came on B. came acrossC. went by D. came at,【解析】 B 考查了come across 表示“偶然遇到”之意的用法。句意：我在街道上偶然遇到了我的好朋友，他自從大學畢業(yè)后就去了美國。come on 是“加油”； go by 是“經(jīng)過；遵守”； come at 是“攻擊”，均

47、為干擾項。,高考體驗(2011·天津)She ________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A. turned down B. dealt withC. took after D. came across,【解析】 D 本題考查動詞短語的辨析。句意：昨天她在百貨商店購物的時候碰到

48、了一個老朋友。come across“偶遇；碰見”；turn down“拒絕”；deal with“處理；對付”；take after“像；相似”。根據(jù)句意選D項。,4. hold up 支撐起；支持；推遲；耽誤Hold the negative up to the light so we can see it clearly. 把底片對著光拿著，好讓我們看清楚。The building work has been held up

49、 by bad weather.由于天氣不好，建筑工程被耽擱下來。,知識拓展與hold有關(guān)的其他短語：hold back 抑制；保守(秘密)；隱瞞hold on (打電話時)不掛斷；握住不放；堅持住hold out 伸出；保持(要求)；不屈服hold off 避開；抵擋；使不靠近hold water 合乎邏輯的；站得住腳的,探究練習________ by the heavy fog, the flight wi

50、ll arrive two hours later.A. Held on B. Held upC. Held out D. Pulled out,【解析】 B 考查了hold up 表示“耽誤；耽擱”之意的用法。句意：由于受到大霧的耽擱，航班將要晚點兩個小時。hold on是“不掛斷；稍等”； hold out是“伸出；保持”； pull out 是“(車)駛出；使擺脫困境”，均為干擾項。,5. count on 依

51、靠；指望Don’t count on him to help you. 你別指望他來幫助你。As the children, we have to count on our parents for money.作為孩子，我們不得不依靠父母獲得經(jīng)濟來源。點津提示表示“依靠”的其余的表達法有：rely on / rest on / depend on / lean on 等。,探究練習If you are in trouble

52、, don’t turn to him for help, because he is not a person who can be ________.A. counted B. counted onC. depended D. based on,【解析】 B 考查了count on 表示“依賴；依靠”之意的用法。句意：當你遇到困境時，不要向他求助，因為他不是一個可以依靠的人。count與depend表示“依靠”時是

53、不及物動詞，故應該與介詞on連用； be based on 是“建立在……的基礎上”之意，不符合語境。,6. figure out 理解；想出；算出Have you figured out how much the holiday will cost?你計算出假期得花多少錢嗎？I figure out that he will finish the homework in ten days.我猜想他得10天后才能夠完成作業(yè)。,知

54、識拓展與figure有關(guān)的其他短語：figure in 算進;參加;包括進去;figure on / upon 計劃；估計;仔細考慮;指望figure up 總計；把……加起來點津提示表示“算出；想出”的類似的表達法還有work out / find out 等。,探究練習The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some ti

55、me to ________ its reality. A. make up B. figure outC. look through D. put off,【解析】 B 考查了固定短語figure out 表示“弄清楚”之意的用法。句意：目前的形勢非常復雜，因此我認為要花費我一段時間來弄清楚它的實際情況。make up是“構(gòu)成；彌補；化妝；言和”； look through是“瀏覽；仔細檢查”； put off是“推

56、遲；拖延”，均為干擾項。,7. end up 以……結(jié)束；以……告終How does the story end up?這故事的結(jié)尾是如何的？You will end up in prison if you don’ t give up such bad habits. 如果你不戒掉這些壞習慣，你會最終進入監(jiān)獄的。At the dinner, we usually begin with soup and end up with

57、 fruit.在宴會上，通常開始的一道菜是湯，而結(jié)束的一道菜是水果。,知識梳理end up in 以……告終；結(jié)果是……end up with 以……結(jié)束(指以某種方式結(jié)束)end up as 作為……而結(jié)束點津提示end up in表示“以某種方式結(jié)束”；而end up with表示“以某種結(jié)果結(jié)束”,探究練習He ________ hospital because he worked day and night

58、without the necessary rest.A. ended up B. ended withC. ended up in D. ended up at,【解析】 C 考查了end up in 表示“最終進入了……;最終以……告終”之意的用法。句意：因為他日夜辛勞，沒有必要的休息，所以最終住進了醫(yī)院。end up多用作不及物動詞短語；end with是“以某種結(jié)果告終”,后面多接具體的名詞。,8. put u

59、p with 容忍；忍受I can’t put up with her another day — she never stops complaining.她整天抱怨,我一天也不能忍受了。I could hardly put up with the big noise. 我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛉淌苓@種噪音。,知識拓展與put up with相似的短語有：come up with 提出；想出keep up with 趕上；跟上c

60、atch up with 追上；趕上be fed up with 厭煩；厭倦,探究練習Although the job is very tiring, I think I have the ability to ________ it and I won’t resign from the position.A. put up with B. stand byC. bear up D. come up with,【

61、解析】 A 考查了put up with表示“容忍；忍受”之意的用法。句意：盡管這份工作很是累人，但是我認為我可以忍受這種勞累，而且，我也不會辭職的。stand by 是“站在……一旁；支持”；bear是及物動詞，表示“忍受；容忍”；come up with是“提出；想到”，均為干擾項。,高考體驗(2011·江西)Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may

62、just ________ sweet dreams.A. keep up with B. put up withC. end up with D. catch up with,【解析】 C 本題考查動詞短語辨析。句意：睡前聞聞這些花，你可能就會做美夢。keep up with“跟上”； put up with“忍受；容忍”； end up with“以……結(jié)束”； catch up with“追上；趕上”。C項符合句意

63、。,9. now that 既然Now that you are grown-ups, you must stop this childish behaviour.既然你們已經(jīng)成為成年人了，你們必須得停止這些幼稚的行為。Now that you have known it, I will not bother to tell it to you again.既然你已經(jīng)知道了這件事情，我就不用再費事告訴你一遍了。,探究練習___

64、_____ you have already put all your heart into your work, you should achieve the great success.A. Now that B. Only ifC. As soon as D. On condition that,【解析】 A 考查了now that表示“既然；因為”之意的用法。句意：因為你已經(jīng)盡全力做你的工作了，你應該獲得成功。

65、only if 是“只要”； as soon as 是“一……就……”之意； on condition that是“條件是”，均為干擾項。,10. refer to 查閱；提到；涉及；提交Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary. 請在不查閱詞典的情況下完成練習題。We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我們

66、一致同意永遠都不再提這件事情了。點津提示其他表示“查閱”的表達法：consult / look up / turn to 等。,探究練習The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________ his notes.A. bringing up B. referring toC. looking for D. tryin

67、g on,【解析】 B 考查了refer to 表示“參考；查閱”之意的用法。句意：總統(tǒng)在會議上講了接近一個小時而沒有參考筆記。bring up 是“撫養(yǎng)；教育；嘔吐”； look for 是“尋找”； try on 是“試穿；嘗試”，均為干擾項。,重點句型1. Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and u

68、se it as much as she could.既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學習更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。句中的eager 是形容詞，表示“渴望的”之意；多用于be eager to do 或be eager about / for / after sth. 的句式中，表示“渴望做某事或渴望某物之意。如：Tom is eager to go to university. 湯姆渴望上大學。There was