功能翻譯理論對(duì)漢語(yǔ)旅游文本翻譯的影響──譯《關(guān)帝神工-開(kāi)封山陜甘會(huì)館》有感.pdf

1、1美好心愿道吉祥美好心愿道吉祥原文及譯文原文及譯文譯文標(biāo)題（原文）美好心愿道吉祥（譯文）譯文標(biāo)題（原文）美好心愿道吉祥（譯文）WishesofAuspiciousness原文譯文原文譯文一、說(shuō)吉祥一、說(shuō)吉祥開(kāi)封山陜甘會(huì)館遍布著廣大民眾喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的吉祥圖案。吉祥文化是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中富于積極向上意義的一部分，是中國(guó)人熱愛(ài)生活，努力創(chuàng)造幸福、美滿、平安和財(cái)富等積極心理的外在反映。吉祥喜慶、福壽平安，是我們民族千古永恒的熱望和追求。吉祥圖案，是中

2、國(guó)人用具體的畫(huà)樣來(lái)表征抽象的理想、意愿和情感的一種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)手法。歷代的吉祥畫(huà)因能反映時(shí)代精神和民族精神，以吉祥圖案這種最直觀的藝術(shù)形式來(lái)規(guī)范人們的行為和思想意識(shí)，并迎合人們趨吉避兇、厭惡近善的心理需求而大受青睞。吉祥圖案或稱符瑞，或稱吉利畫(huà)、吉祥符，在中國(guó)流傳極廣，并不斷傳承發(fā)展。在石器時(shí)代，原始拜物思想就已經(jīng)形成，許多怪獸、鳥(niǎo)身的雕刻和繪畫(huà)就明顯地寄托了中國(guó)先民避兇趨吉、追求幸福生活的愿望。華夏民族形成后，龍鳳圖騰崇拜使龍、鳳成了中

3、國(guó)古人心目中共同的監(jiān)護(hù)神和防御者，并被視為最崇拜與尊貴的男性和女性的象征。中國(guó)先民崇拜天地，視山河為神靈，人們?yōu)榇硕_(kāi)展了各種祈求保佑、消災(zāi)降福、庇護(hù)生產(chǎn)和生活順利的祭祀活動(dòng)。人們篤信萬(wàn)物互通、諸事交感、吉兇有兆、禍福有征、有I.OfJiXiangTheauspiciousmotifsthatappealtothemassescanbeseeneverywhereinShanShaanGanGuildHall1inKaifeng.JiX

4、iang(auspiciousness)asoneimptantcomponentoftraditionalChinesecultureimpliespositivismenthusiasm.Itreflectspositivedesiretolovelifetocreatehappinesssatisfactionpeacewealth.Auspiciousnesshappinesslongevitypeacearetheeterna

5、lzealpursuitoftheChinesepeople.ItisauniqueartisticmeansftheChinesepeopletoexpresstheiridealsaspirationsemotionswiththepicturesofauspiciousness.Theauspiciouspicturesinthepastfoundgreatfavwithpeoplebecausetheynotonlytellth

6、espiritoftimesnationbutalsoregulatepeople’sbehavithinkinginitsvisiblefmofart.Meovertheycatertopeople’spsychologicalneedofavoidingtroublefollowingtheluckinessthatofloveofthegoodhatredoftheevil.TheauspiciousmotifsknownasFu

7、Rui(auspicioussign)theauspiciouspicturessymbolsarewidespreaddevelopedcontinuouslyinChina.TheprimitivewshipofobjectsoftheChineseexistedintheStoneAge.CarvingspicturesofbeastsbirdsobviouslycarriedtheChineseancests’wishesofa

8、voidingtroublepursuinghappiness.AfterHuaXia(Chinese)NationtookitsshapedragonsChinesephoenixesbecamethetotemguardsdefendersinallChineseancests’minds.Theywerealsoregardedasthemostadablerespectfulsymbolsofmalefemale.TheChin

9、eseancestswshippedtheHeaventheEarthtookmountsriversastheirGods.Theydidallkindssacrificialritestoprayfprotectionblessingfeliminatingdisastersfgrantinghappinessfprotectingproduction.Atthattimepeoplehadbeliefintheconnection

10、betweenthings1GuildofmerchantsfromShanxiShaanxiGansuprovinceinKaifengcity3原文譯文原文譯文縱觀中國(guó)吉祥符畫(huà)的產(chǎn)生、變化和發(fā)展歷程，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，功利性選擇與求吉心理占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。當(dāng)命運(yùn)之神濫施淫威給人們?cè)斐煞N種痛苦和災(zāi)難的時(shí)候，當(dāng)人們一次又一次受到歷史的無(wú)情嘲弄的時(shí)候，當(dāng)社會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人遭受的失敗、痛苦、挫折、悲愁麻木不仁的時(shí)候，一些原本就十分脆弱的文化心理就越發(fā)容易失衡

11、，從而引起心里錯(cuò)位、懷疑自我能力、崇拜超自然力量、相信天人感應(yīng)，進(jìn)而人們的行為就會(huì)變形，就會(huì)走樣，就會(huì)偏離傳統(tǒng)（確切地說(shuō)是儒家的）行為準(zhǔn)則和行為模式，出現(xiàn)以求吉為主要特征的功利性選擇。趨吉避兇，祈福禳禍，是一種合情合理而又無(wú)可指責(zé)的文化心理，也是人們極為正常又極為普遍的一種愿望。人們做任何事情，總是希望多些順利、多些吉祥，少些麻煩、少些災(zāi)異，如能一帆風(fēng)順、馬到成功，更是求之不得。人們?cè)跊Q定做某些事情或從事某些活動(dòng)之前，有權(quán)選擇一個(gè)有利的

12、時(shí)間和空間，這就是通常說(shuō)的求個(gè)吉利。盡管許多人可能并不認(rèn)為通過(guò)擇吉就可能趨吉避兇、吉星高照，但不少人還是樂(lè)此不疲。究其原因，主要有三點(diǎn)：一是心理的需求，二是神秘文化的影響，三是習(xí)俗的潛移默化。會(huì)館吉祥圖案的迷信、宗教成分比較淡化，而寄托會(huì)館主人良好意愿的成分卻比較強(qiáng)烈。會(huì)館的吉祥圖案式樣最多的還是反映廣大人民追求生活美滿、安居樂(lè)業(yè)、事業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)、人丁興旺、家道昌盛、富貴平安、長(zhǎng)壽延年、國(guó)泰民安Viewingthewholehistyofau

13、spiciousmotifsitisnotdifficultfustofindthatpeople’sutilitypsychologicalneedstooktheadvantage.Whensufferedallkindsofmiserydisasterswhenmockedmercilesslyagainagainbyhistywhenignedbysocietypeopleinclinetodoubttheirabilities

14、wshipsupernaturalpowerastheirfragileculturalpsychologyiseasytolosethebalance.Therefepeoplewoulddeviatefromthetraditional(Confucian)behavicodemodetakeblessingastheirutilitarianchoice.Avoidingtroublepursuinggoodftunewhicha

15、rereasonablecannotbecondemnedarequitenmalcommonwishesfhumanbeings.Peoplealwayswishmesuccesslesstroubleifeverythingisgoingsmoothlythatwouldbebest.Peopleareentitledtochooseafavabletimeplacewhentheydecidetodosomethingbefedo

16、ingthatthisiswhatweusuallycallpursuinggoodluck.Althoughmanypeopledonotbelievethattochooseatimeplacecanbringftunethereareanumberofpeopleneverbetiredofdoingit.WhyTherearethreemainpoints:firstpsychologicalneedssecondmysteri

17、ouscultureinfluencethirdunconsciousabsptionofconventions.TheauspiciousmotifsofShanShaanGanGuildHallrepresentmegoodwishesthansuperstitiousreligiousones.Mostofthemreflectpeople’swishesofpursuinghappinesswealthhealth.Throug